This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from sentence-transformers/paraphrase-multilingual-mpnet-base-v2 on the bps-semantic-pairs-synthetic-dataset-v1 dataset. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 768-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

Model Details

Model Description

Model Type: Sentence Transformer
Base model: sentence-transformers/paraphrase-multilingual-mpnet-base-v2
Maximum Sequence Length: 128 tokens
Output Dimensionality: 768 dimensions
Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity
Training Dataset:
- bps-semantic-pairs-synthetic-dataset-v1

Model Sources

Documentation: Sentence Transformers Documentation
Repository: Sentence Transformers on GitHub
Hugging Face: Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face

Full Model Architecture

SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 128, 'do_lower_case': False}) with Transformer model: XLMRobertaModel 
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

python

from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("yahyaabd/allstats-semantic-mpnet-v1")
# Run inference
sentences = [
    'Direktori perusahaan pengelola hutan 2015',
    'Direktori Perusahaan Kehutanan 2015',
    'Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) Indonesia tahun 2024 mencapai 75,02, meningkat 0,63 poin atau 0,85 persen dibandingkan tahun sebelumnya yang sebesar 74,39.',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 768]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities.shape)
# [3, 3]

Evaluation

Metrics

Semantic Similarity

Datasets: allstats-semantic-mpnet-v1-eval and allstat-semantic-mpnet-v1-test
Evaluated with EmbeddingSimilarityEvaluator

Metric	allstats-semantic-mpnet-v1-eval	allstat-semantic-mpnet-v1-test
pearson_cosine	0.9722	0.9715
spearman_cosine	0.877	0.8697

Training Details

Training Dataset

bps-semantic-pairs-synthetic-dataset-v1

Dataset: bps-semantic-pairs-synthetic-dataset-v1 at 6656af9
Size: 73,392 training samples
Columns: query, doc, and label
Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
query doc label
type string string float
details
min: 5 tokens
mean: 11.28 tokens
max: 34 tokens
min: 5 tokens
mean: 14.71 tokens
max: 58 tokens
min: 0.0
mean: 0.48
max: 1.0

Samples:

query	doc	label
`Data bisnis Kalbar sensus 2016`	`Indikator Ekonomi Oktober 2012`	`0.1`
`Informasi tentang pola pengeluaran masyarakat Bengkulu berdasarkan kelompok pendapatan?`	`Rata-rata Konsumsi dan Pengeluaran Perkapita Seminggu Menurut Komoditi Makanan dan Golongan Pengeluaran per Kapita Seminggu di Provinsi Bengkulu, 2018-2023`	`0.88`
`Laopran keuagnan lmebaga non proft 20112-013`	`Neraca Lembaga Non Profit yang Melayani Rumah Tangga 2011-2013`	`0.93`

Loss: CosineSimilarityLoss with these parameters:
json
1{ 2 "loss_fct": "torch.nn.modules.loss.MSELoss" 3}

Evaluation Dataset

bps-semantic-pairs-synthetic-dataset-v1

Dataset: bps-semantic-pairs-synthetic-dataset-v1 at 6656af9
Size: 15,726 evaluation samples
Columns: query, doc, and label
Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
query doc label
type string string float
details
min: 4 tokens
mean: 11.52 tokens
max: 37 tokens
min: 5 tokens
mean: 14.38 tokens
max: 61 tokens
min: 0.0
mean: 0.49
max: 1.0

Samples:

query	doc	label
`Data transportasi bulan Februari 2021`	`Tenaga Kerja Februari 2023`	`0.08`
`Sebear berspa prrsen eknaikan Inseks Hraga Predagangan eBsar (IHB) Umym Nasiona di aMret 202?`	`Maret 2020, Indeks Harga Perdagangan Besar (IHPB) Umum Nasional naik 0,10 persen`	`1.0`
`Data ekspor dan moda transportasi tahun 2018-2019`	`Indikator Pasar Tenaga Kerja Indonesia Agustus 2012`	`0.08`

Loss: CosineSimilarityLoss with these parameters:
json
1{ 2 "loss_fct": "torch.nn.modules.loss.MSELoss" 3}

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

eval_strategy: steps
per_device_train_batch_size: 64
per_device_eval_batch_size: 64
num_train_epochs: 24
warmup_ratio: 0.1
fp16: True
dataloader_num_workers: 4
load_best_model_at_end: True
label_smoothing_factor: 0.01
eval_on_start: True

All Hyperparameters

Click to expand

overwrite_output_dir: False
do_predict: False
eval_strategy: steps
prediction_loss_only: True
per_device_train_batch_size: 64
per_device_eval_batch_size: 64
per_gpu_train_batch_size: None
per_gpu_eval_batch_size: None
gradient_accumulation_steps: 1
eval_accumulation_steps: None
torch_empty_cache_steps: None
learning_rate: 5e-05
weight_decay: 0.0
adam_beta1: 0.9
adam_beta2: 0.999
adam_epsilon: 1e-08
max_grad_norm: 1.0
num_train_epochs: 24
max_steps: -1
lr_scheduler_type: linear
lr_scheduler_kwargs: {}
warmup_ratio: 0.1
warmup_steps: 0
log_level: passive
log_level_replica: warning
log_on_each_node: True
logging_nan_inf_filter: True
save_safetensors: True
save_on_each_node: False
save_only_model: False
restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
no_cuda: False
use_cpu: False
use_mps_device: False
seed: 42
data_seed: None
jit_mode_eval: False
use_ipex: False
bf16: False
fp16: True
fp16_opt_level: O1
half_precision_backend: auto
bf16_full_eval: False
fp16_full_eval: False
tf32: None
local_rank: 0
ddp_backend: None
tpu_num_cores: None
tpu_metrics_debug: False
debug: []
dataloader_drop_last: False
dataloader_num_workers: 4
dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
past_index: -1
disable_tqdm: False
remove_unused_columns: True
label_names: None
load_best_model_at_end: True
ignore_data_skip: False
fsdp: []
fsdp_min_num_params: 0
fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: None
accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
deepspeed: None
label_smoothing_factor: 0.01
optim: adamw_torch
optim_args: None
adafactor: False
group_by_length: False
length_column_name: length
ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
dataloader_pin_memory: True
dataloader_persistent_workers: False
skip_memory_metrics: True
use_legacy_prediction_loop: False
push_to_hub: False
resume_from_checkpoint: None
hub_model_id: None
hub_strategy: every_save
hub_private_repo: None
hub_always_push: False
gradient_checkpointing: False
gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
include_inputs_for_metrics: False
include_for_metrics: []
eval_do_concat_batches: True
fp16_backend: auto
push_to_hub_model_id: None
push_to_hub_organization: None
mp_parameters:
auto_find_batch_size: False
full_determinism: False
torchdynamo: None
ray_scope: last
ddp_timeout: 1800
torch_compile: False
torch_compile_backend: None
torch_compile_mode: None
dispatch_batches: None
split_batches: None
include_tokens_per_second: False
include_num_input_tokens_seen: False
neftune_noise_alpha: None
optim_target_modules: None
batch_eval_metrics: False
eval_on_start: True
use_liger_kernel: False
eval_use_gather_object: False
average_tokens_across_devices: False
prompts: None
batch_sampler: batch_sampler
multi_dataset_batch_sampler: proportional

Training Logs

Click to expand

Epoch	Step	Training Loss	Validation Loss	allstats-semantic-mpnet-v1-eval_spearman_cosine	allstat-semantic-mpnet-v1-test_spearman_cosine
0	0	-	0.1031	0.6244	-
0.2180	250	0.064	0.0413	0.6958	-
0.4359	500	0.0381	0.0305	0.7301	-
0.6539	750	0.0284	0.0243	0.7651	-
0.8718	1000	0.025	0.0213	0.7656	-
1.0898	1250	0.0207	0.0201	0.7822	-
1.3078	1500	0.0188	0.0194	0.7805	-
1.5257	1750	0.0182	0.0177	0.7918	-
1.7437	2000	0.0177	0.0168	0.8098	-
1.9616	2250	0.0173	0.0173	0.7979	-
2.1796	2500	0.0151	0.0174	0.8010	-
2.3976	2750	0.014	0.0163	0.8005	-
2.6155	3000	0.0142	0.0159	0.8027	-
2.8335	3250	0.0137	0.0154	0.8074	-
3.0514	3500	0.013	0.0146	0.8173	-
3.2694	3750	0.0099	0.0138	0.8179	-
3.4874	4000	0.0105	0.0135	0.8138	-
3.7053	4250	0.0109	0.0145	0.8138	-
3.9233	4500	0.011	0.0145	0.8244	-
4.1412	4750	0.0086	0.0132	0.8327	-
4.3592	5000	0.0077	0.0129	0.8307	-
4.5772	5250	0.0081	0.0124	0.8380	-
4.7951	5500	0.0087	0.0128	0.8358	-
5.0131	5750	0.0076	0.0135	0.8280	-
5.2310	6000	0.0061	0.0122	0.8399	-
5.4490	6250	0.0062	0.0119	0.8344	-
5.6670	6500	0.007	0.0113	0.8432	-
5.8849	6750	0.0069	0.0117	0.8353	-
6.1029	7000	0.0056	0.0117	0.8333	-
6.3208	7250	0.0047	0.0114	0.8438	-
6.5388	7500	0.0059	0.0114	0.8429	-
6.7568	7750	0.0054	0.0113	0.8452	-
6.9747	8000	0.0059	0.0118	0.8477	-
7.1927	8250	0.0045	0.0109	0.8474	-
7.4106	8500	0.0042	0.0111	0.8532	-
7.6286	8750	0.0045	0.0114	0.8385	-
7.8466	9000	0.005	0.0111	0.8502	-
8.0645	9250	0.0045	0.0111	0.8496	-
8.2825	9500	0.0035	0.0109	0.8490	-
8.5004	9750	0.0038	0.0112	0.8519	-
8.7184	10000	0.0038	0.0112	0.8463	-
8.9364	10250	0.0039	0.0109	0.8556	-
9.1543	10500	0.0035	0.0110	0.8534	-
9.3723	10750	0.003	0.0111	0.8525	-
9.5902	11000	0.0039	0.0108	0.8593	-
9.8082	11250	0.0038	0.0112	0.8537	-
10.0262	11500	0.0033	0.0108	0.8553	-
10.2441	11750	0.0023	0.0104	0.8601	-
10.4621	12000	0.0025	0.0104	0.8571	-
10.6800	12250	0.0026	0.0106	0.8594	-
10.8980	12500	0.0026	0.0106	0.8627	-
11.1160	12750	0.0024	0.0105	0.8623	-
11.3339	13000	0.002	0.0104	0.8614	-
11.5519	13250	0.0021	0.0103	0.8622	-
11.7698	13500	0.0025	0.0106	0.8580	-
11.9878	13750	0.0023	0.0108	0.8613	-
12.2058	14000	0.0019	0.0106	0.8618	-
12.4237	14250	0.0017	0.0104	0.8641	-
12.6417	14500	0.0019	0.0103	0.8620	-
12.8596	14750	0.002	0.0104	0.8649	-
13.0776	15000	0.002	0.0102	0.8620	-
13.2956	15250	0.0014	0.0103	0.8631	-
13.5135	15500	0.0018	0.0104	0.8635	-
13.7315	15750	0.0018	0.0102	0.8661	-
13.9494	16000	0.0018	0.0104	0.8683	-
14.1674	16250	0.0014	0.0104	0.8691	-
14.3854	16500	0.0014	0.0103	0.8668	-
14.6033	16750	0.0015	0.0102	0.8673	-
14.8213	17000	0.0016	0.0102	0.8679	-
15.0392	17250	0.0016	0.0101	0.8688	-
15.2572	17500	0.0012	0.0102	0.8676	-
15.4752	17750	0.0012	0.0102	0.8712	-
15.6931	18000	0.0014	0.0102	0.8702	-
15.9111	18250	0.0013	0.0101	0.8718	-
16.1290	18500	0.0011	0.0100	0.8727	-
16.3470	18750	0.001	0.0101	0.8729	-
16.5650	19000	0.0012	0.0099	0.8714	-
16.7829	19250	0.0011	0.0101	0.8723	-
17.0009	19500	0.0012	0.0101	0.8679	-
17.2188	19750	0.0009	0.0103	0.8706	-
17.4368	20000	0.0009	0.0101	0.8722	-
17.6548	20250	0.0009	0.0100	0.8710	-
17.8727	20500	0.001	0.0101	0.8719	-
18.0907	20750	0.0009	0.0100	0.8728	-
18.3086	21000	0.0009	0.0100	0.8738	-
18.5266	21250	0.0008	0.0100	0.8720	-
18.7446	21500	0.0009	0.0100	0.8731	-
18.9625	21750	0.0009	0.0098	0.8738	-
19.1805	22000	0.0007	0.0100	0.8750	-
19.3984	22250	0.0007	0.0099	0.8730	-
19.6164	22500	0.0007	0.0100	0.8753	-
19.8344	22750	0.0007	0.0099	0.8753	-
20.0523	23000	0.0008	0.0100	0.8755	-
20.2703	23250	0.0006	0.0100	0.8747	-
20.4882	23500	0.0006	0.0101	0.8753	-
20.7062	23750	0.0007	0.0101	0.8738	-
20.9241	24000	0.0007	0.0101	0.8750	-
21.1421	24250	0.0006	0.0101	0.8760	-
21.3601	24500	0.0006	0.0101	0.8753	-
21.5780	24750	0.0006	0.0101	0.8759	-
21.7960	25000	0.0006	0.0100	0.8759	-
22.0139	25250	0.0006	0.0100	0.8762	-
22.2319	25500	0.0005	0.0100	0.8767	-
22.4499	25750	0.0005	0.0100	0.8772	-
22.6678	26000	0.0005	0.0099	0.8771	-
22.8858	26250	0.0005	0.0100	0.8769	-
23.1037	26500	0.0005	0.0100	0.8770	-
23.3217	26750	0.0005	0.0100	0.8769	-
23.5397	27000	0.0004	0.0100	0.8769	-
23.7576	27250	0.0005	0.0100	0.8769	-
23.9756	27500	0.0005	0.0100	0.8770	-
24.0	27528	-	-	-	0.8697

The bold row denotes the saved checkpoint.

Framework Versions

Python: 3.10.12
Sentence Transformers: 3.3.1
Transformers: 4.47.1
PyTorch: 2.5.1+cu124
Accelerate: 1.2.1
Datasets: 3.2.0
Tokenizers: 0.21.0

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

bibtex

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

	query	doc	label
type	string	string	float
details	min: 5 tokens mean: 11.28 tokens max: 34 tokens	min: 5 tokens mean: 14.71 tokens max: 58 tokens	min: 0.0 mean: 0.48 max: 1.0