roberta_zinc_480m is a ~102m parameter Roberta-style masked language model ~480m SMILES strings from the ZINC database. This model is useful for generating embeddings from SMILES strings.

Developed by: Karl Heyer
License: MIT

Direct Use

Usage examples. Note that input SMILES strings should be canonicalized.

With the Transformers library:

python

from transformers import AutoModel, AutoTokenizer

tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("entropy/roberta_zinc_480m")
roberta_zinc = AutoModel.from_pretrained("entropy/roberta_zinc_480m", 
                                         add_pooling_layer=False) # model was not trained with a pooler

# smiles should be canonicalized
smiles = [
    "Brc1cc2c(NCc3ccccc3)ncnc2s1",
    "Brc1cc2c(NCc3ccccn3)ncnc2s1",
    "Brc1cc2c(NCc3cccs3)ncnc2s1",
    "Brc1cc2c(NCc3ccncc3)ncnc2s1",
    "Brc1cc2c(Nc3ccccc3)ncnc2s1"
]

batch = tokenizer(smiles, return_tensors='pt', padding=True, pad_to_multiple_of=8)

# mean pooling
outputs = roberta_zinc(**batch, output_hidden_states=True)
full_embeddings = outputs[1][-1]
mask = batch['attention_mask']
embeddings = ((full_embeddings * mask.unsqueeze(-1)).sum(1) / mask.sum(-1).unsqueeze(-1))

With Sentence Transformers:

python

from sentence_transformers import models, SentenceTransformer

transformer = models.Transformer("entropy/roberta_zinc_480m", 
                                 max_seq_length=256, 
                                 model_args={"add_pooling_layer": False})

pooling = models.Pooling(transformer.get_word_embedding_dimension(), 
                         pooling_mode="mean")

model = SentenceTransformer(modules=[transformer, pooling])

# smiles should be canonicalized
smiles = [
    "Brc1cc2c(NCc3ccccc3)ncnc2s1",
    "Brc1cc2c(NCc3ccccn3)ncnc2s1",
    "Brc1cc2c(NCc3cccs3)ncnc2s1",
    "Brc1cc2c(NCc3ccncc3)ncnc2s1",
    "Brc1cc2c(Nc3ccccc3)ncnc2s1"
]

embeddings = model.encode(smiles, convert_to_tensor=True)

Training Procedure

Preprocessing

~480m SMILES strings were randomly sampled from the ZINC database, weighted by tranche size (ie more SMILES were sampled from larger tranches). SMILES were canonicalized, then used to train the tokenizer.

Training Hyperparameters

The model was trained with cross entropy loss for 150,000 iterations with a batch size of 4096. The model achieved a validation loss of ~0.122.

Downstream Models

Decoder

There is a decoder model trained to reconstruct inputs from embeddings generated with this model

Compression Encoder

There is a compression encoder model trained to compress embeddings generated by this model from the native size of 768 to smaller sizes (512, 256, 128, 64, 32) while preserving cosine similarity between embeddings.

Decomposer

There is a embedding decomposer model trained to "decompose" a roberta-zinc embedding into two building block embeddings from the Enamine library.

BibTeX:

@misc{heyer2023roberta, title={Roberta-zinc-480m}, author={Heyer, Karl}, year={2023} }

APA:

Heyer, K. (2023). Roberta-zinc-480m.

Model Card Authors

Karl Heyer

Model Card Contact

karl@darmatterai.xyz

entropy/roberta_zinc_480m

Model Card for Roberta Zinc 480m

Model Description