This is a SetFit model that can be used for Text Classification. This SetFit model uses sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2 as the Sentence Transformer embedding model. A LogisticRegression instance is used for classification.

The model has been trained using an efficient few-shot learning technique that involves:

Fine-tuning a Sentence Transformer with contrastive learning.
Training a classification head with features from the fine-tuned Sentence Transformer.

Model Details

Model Description

Model Type: SetFit
Sentence Transformer body: sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2
Classification head: a LogisticRegression instance
Maximum Sequence Length: 256 tokens
Number of Classes: 20 classes

Model Sources

Repository: SetFit on GitHub
Paper: Efficient Few-Shot Learning Without Prompts
Blogpost: SetFit: Efficient Few-Shot Learning Without Prompts

Model Labels

Label	Examples
Ear Nose and Throat Otolaryngology	'I experience chronic ear infections accompanied by fluid accumulation.' 'Persistent hoarseness and painful deglutition have been bothering me for months now.' 'post nasal drip causing cough'
Wound Care	'There is a persistent wound on my foot that has not shown signs of healing for weeks.' "The area around my surgery is red and weeping. It feels hot and I'm worried it's infected." "There's an ulcer on my foot that's been persistent for weeks and isn't closing up."
Neonatology	"My baby isn't latching properly and is losing weight. We need help with feeding." "Since coming home, the baby's intake is minimal, and they've lost weight." "Our little one came early and isn't breathing well independently."
Neurosurgery	'Experiencing tremors in my upper extremities and difficulty maintaining equilibrium.' 'spinal cord compression symptoms' 'pinched nerve in my neck causing arm pain'
Behavioral Health	'my anxiety is out of control' 'ADHD symptoms affecting my work' "I can't stop worrying about everything and it's affecting my sleep and work"
Pulmonology	'I have emphysema and need care' "My partner says I snore like a freight train and sometimes they've seen me stop breathing and gasp awake during the night. It happens several times." "I'm coughing up blood"
Heart and Vascular	"I'm having episodes where my heart beats too quickly and feels like it's skipping." "I've noticed my heart rate speeding up and having pauses, it's quite noticeable." 'I get these sudden bursts of fast heartbeats and occasionally feel like it misses a beat.'
Urology	'painful urination with a burning sensation' "I'm experiencing dysuria and urinary frequency; it feels like fire when I urinate, and I'm going constantly, about every 20 minutes." 'I think I have a UTI'
Sleep Center	"I'm experiencing headaches upon waking and my partner reports apneic events during my sleep." "I can't stay awake while driving" 'I have trouble getting to sleep at night, which results in feeling very tired and sluggish during the day.'
Diabetes and Endocrinology	"I'm feeling really run down, always thirsty, and I'm going to the toilet way too much." 'I consistently have high blood glucose readings following meals, regardless of my efforts to eat healthily.' "My sugar spikes after eating, and I'm confused because I thought I was eating the right things."
Pain Management	'epidural steroid injection needed' 'I have nerve pain that feels like electric shocks running down my arm' 'complex regional pain syndrome'
Orthopedics	'shoulder injury limiting my movement' 'carpal tunnel from typing all day' "There's a persistent ache in my knees, and they feel locked up and make a grinding sound when I bend them."
Gynecology	"I've been having irregular periods and hot flashes and mood swings" "My menstrual cycle has become unpredictable, and I'm experiencing sudden episodes of intense heat, along with noticeable emotional instability." 'I suffer from pelvic discomfort that intensifies during menstruation and causes pain during sexual activity.'
Audiology	"I've got a ringing in my left ear that's always there, and it's hard to hear out of it." 'hearing loss in both ears' "I can't understand speech in noisy places"
Rheumatology Immunology and Allergy	'My digits become ischemic and painful in response to cold temperatures, exhibiting pallor and cyanosis.' 'I wake up with really stiff joints every morning, and it takes more than an hour for them to loosen up. They also look puffy.' 'fibromyalgia pain everywhere'
Bariatrics	'I want to learn about weight loss surgery because my BMI is over 40' "I'm dealing with a weight problem; I'm over 300 lbs and diets just don't work for me." 'medically supervised weight loss program'
Sports Medicine	"I'm an athlete with recurring injuries" "I'm a high school athlete with an injury" 'Running seems to trigger a pop in my knee, which then swells up.'
Ophthalmology	"I'm seeing cobwebs and flashes of light, and I've had a shadow move across my vision." 'my child might need glasses' "I'm experiencing decreased visual acuity and significant nyctalopia."
Dermatology	"I have this itchy red rash that won't go away no matter what cream I use" 'skin lesion that changed color' 'warts that keep coming back'
Gastroenterology	'upper GI discomfort after every meal' 'I frequently experience heartburn after eating, and I sometimes have a sensation of food getting stuck in my upper chest or throat.' 'everytime i eat my stomach burns'

Evaluation

Metrics

Label	Accuracy
all	0.8559

Uses

Direct Use for Inference

First install the SetFit library:

pip install setfit

Then you can load this model and run inference.

python

from setfit import SetFitModel

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SetFitModel.from_pretrained("setfit_model_id")
# Run inference
preds = model("My foot has a sore that won't close, and it's been like this for weeks.")

Training Details

Training Set Metrics

Training set	Min	Median	Max
Word count	2	12.3263	36

Label	Training Sample Count
Audiology	43
Bariatrics	43
Behavioral Health	55
Dermatology	55
Diabetes and Endocrinology	48
Ear Nose and Throat Otolaryngology	48
Gastroenterology	56
Gynecology	48
Heart and Vascular	54
Neonatology	43
Neurosurgery	48
Ophthalmology	47
Orthopedics	54
Pain Management	48
Pulmonology	53
Rheumatology Immunology and Allergy	47
Sleep Center	54
Sports Medicine	52
Urology	54
Wound Care	43

Training Hyperparameters

batch_size: (16, 16)
num_epochs: (1, 16)
max_steps: 2000
sampling_strategy: oversampling
body_learning_rate: (2e-05, 2e-05)
head_learning_rate: 0.01
loss: CosineSimilarityLoss
distance_metric: cosine_distance
margin: 0.25
end_to_end: False
use_amp: False
warmup_proportion: 0.1
l2_weight: 0.01
seed: 42
eval_max_steps: -1
load_best_model_at_end: True

Training Results

Epoch	Step	Training Loss	Validation Loss
0.0005	1	0.2572	-
0.025	50	0.1971	-
0.05	100	0.1579	-
0.075	150	0.1329	-
0.1	200	0.1105	-
0.125	250	0.0974	-
0.15	300	0.0891	-
0.175	350	0.0871	-
0.2	400	0.0723	-
0.225	450	0.0609	-
0.25	500	0.0706	0.0670
0.275	550	0.0588	-
0.3	600	0.0559	-
0.325	650	0.0513	-
0.35	700	0.0499	-
0.375	750	0.0462	-
0.4	800	0.0476	-
0.425	850	0.0461	-
0.45	900	0.0432	-
0.475	950	0.0411	-
0.5	1000	0.0386	0.0538
0.525	1050	0.0364	-
0.55	1100	0.0386	-
0.575	1150	0.036	-
0.6	1200	0.0335	-
0.625	1250	0.0342	-
0.65	1300	0.0375	-
0.675	1350	0.0368	-
0.7	1400	0.0297	-
0.725	1450	0.0313	-
0.75	1500	0.0274	0.0510
0.775	1550	0.0271	-
0.8	1600	0.0255	-
0.825	1650	0.0287	-
0.85	1700	0.0262	-
0.875	1750	0.0277	-
0.9	1800	0.0207	-
0.925	1850	0.0253	-
0.95	1900	0.024	-
0.975	1950	0.0256	-
1.0	2000	0.0233	0.0500

Framework Versions

Python: 3.11.12
SetFit: 1.1.3
Sentence Transformers: 5.2.0
Transformers: 4.57.5
PyTorch: 2.9.1+cu128
Datasets: 4.5.0
Tokenizers: 0.22.2

Citation

BibTeX

bibtex

@article{https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2209.11055,
    doi = {10.48550/ARXIV.2209.11055},
    url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.11055},
    author = {Tunstall, Lewis and Reimers, Nils and Jo, Unso Eun Seo and Bates, Luke and Korat, Daniel and Wasserblat, Moshe and Pereg, Oren},
    keywords = {Computation and Language (cs.CL), FOS: Computer and information sciences, FOS: Computer and information sciences},
    title = {Efficient Few-Shot Learning Without Prompts},
    publisher = {arXiv},
    year = {2022},
    copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International}
}

ekim1394/symptom-to-specialty-setfit

SetFit with sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2