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edziocodes/
medgemma-breast-cancer

Name: medgemma-breast-cancer
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MedGemma-4B OMAMA 256x256 (Balanced)

This model is a fine-tuned version of google/medgemma-4b-it adapted for binary mammogram classification on the OMAMA 256×256 dataset. The dataset consists of ~154k mammogram image slices (.npz) with metadata JSONs providing labels (NonCancer, Cancer). We created a balanced subset of 2,942 samples (50% Cancer, 50% NonCancer) to prevent class imbalance issues. Fine-tuning was performed with LoRA (Low-Rank Adaptation) for parameter-efficient adaptation, then merged into a standalone full model for easy inference. Training was run on an NVIDIA H200 GPU for 8 epochs.

🔬 Model Details

Base Model: google/medgemma-4b-it
Dataset: 2D Mammograms + DeepSight Cancer Annotations

Haehn, Daniel; Zurrin, Ryan; Goyal, Neha; Bendiksen, Benni; Manocha, Muskaan; Simovici, Dan; Haspel, Nurit; Pomplun, Marc; Lotter, Bill; Sorensen, Greg.
2D Mammograms + DeepSight Cancer Annotations. Harvard Dataverse, V1, 2024.
https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/KXJCIU
Fine-tuning Approach: Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) using Transformers Reinforcement Learning (TRL)
Task: Breast Cancer classification from 2D mammogram images
Pipeline Tag: image-text-to-text
Dataset Balance: 50% Cancer / 50% NonCancer (2,942 total samples)

📊 Performance

Evaluation Results on Balanced Test Set:

Accuracy: 98.88%
Sensitivity (Cancer Detection Rate): 99.66%
Specificity (NonCancer Detection Rate): 98.10%
F1 Score: 98.88%
False Negative Rate: 0.34% (5 missed cancers out of 1,471)
False Positive Rate: 1.90% (28 false alarms out of 1,471)

Compared to Baseline (same prompt format, no fine-tuning):

Accuracy: 91.60% → 98.88% (+7.28 percentage points)
Sensitivity: 83.48% → 99.66% (+16.18 percentage points)
Specificity: 99.73% → 98.10% (-1.63 percentage points)

🚀 Inference Example

python

# pip install transformers accelerate
# Inference for merged MedGemma-4B (OMAMA 256×256 Balanced)
# Replace with your repo id:
REPO_ID = "edziocodes/medgemma-breast-cancer"

import re, torch
from PIL import Image
from transformers import AutoProcessor, AutoModelForImageTextToText

device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"

# (Optional) small speed win on Ampere/Hopper
torch.backends.cuda.matmul.allow_tf32 = True

processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained(REPO_ID)
model = AutoModelForImageTextToText.from_pretrained(
    REPO_ID,
    torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16 if device == "cuda" else torch.float32,
).to(device).eval()

# --- Build the same prompt used for training ---
PROMPT = "Classify this mammogram.\nA: NonCancer\nB: Cancer"

def build_messages():
    return [
        {
            "role": "user",
            "content": [
                {"type": "image"},
                {"type": "text", "text": PROMPT},
            ],
        }
    ]

# --- Simple, forgiving post-processing to map text → label index/name ---
NONC_RX = re.compile(r"\bnon[-\s]*cancer\b", re.I)
CANC_RX = re.compile(r"\bcancer\b", re.I)

def map_text_to_label(text: str) -> str:
    t = text.strip()
    # prefer explicit A/B if present
    if re.search(r"\bA\b", t) and NONC_RX.search(t):
        return "NonCancer"
    if re.search(r"\bB\b", t) and CANC_RX.search(t):
        return "Cancer"
    # fallback by keywords
    if CANC_RX.search(t) and not NONC_RX.search(t):
        return "Cancer"
    if NONC_RX.search(t):
        return "NonCancer"
    return f"Unparsed: {t}"

# -------- Single image inference --------
img = Image.open("example.png").convert("RGB")   # your image path

messages = build_messages()
prompt = processor.apply_chat_template(messages, add_generation_prompt=True, tokenize=False)

inputs = processor(text=prompt, images=img, return_tensors="pt").to(device)
# Cast only float tensors to bf16 on GPU
for k, v in inputs.items():
    if torch.is_floating_point(v):
        inputs[k] = v.to(torch.bfloat16)

with torch.inference_mode():
    out = model.generate(
        **inputs,
        max_new_tokens=40,
        do_sample=False,         # deterministic
        disable_compile=True,    # safer across envs
    )

# Slice off the prompt tokens before decoding (continuation only)
prompt_len = inputs["input_ids"].shape[-1]
text = processor.decode(out[0, prompt_len:], skip_special_tokens=True)
print("Raw generation:", text)
print("Predicted label:", map_text_to_label(text))

# -------- (Optional) batched inference --------
imgs = [Image.open(p).convert("RGB") for p in ["ex1.png", "ex2.png", "ex3.png"]]
prompts = [prompt] * len(imgs)
enc = processor(text=prompts, images=[[im] for im in imgs], return_tensors="pt", padding=True).to(device)

for k, v in enc.items():
    if torch.is_floating_point(v):
        enc[k] = v.to(torch.bfloat16)

lens = enc["attention_mask"].sum(dim=1)  # per-example prompt length

with torch.inference_mode():
    outs = model.generate(**enc, max_new_tokens=40, do_sample=False, disable_compile=True)

for seq, ln in zip(outs, lens.tolist()):
    txt = processor.decode(seq[int(ln):], skip_special_tokens=True)
    print("→", map_text_to_label(txt))

Expected Output:

text

Raw generation: A: NonCancer
Predicted label: NonCancer

🎯 Training Details

LoRA Rank: 16
LoRA Alpha: 16
Target Modules: all-linear (both vision encoder and text model)
Training Samples: 2,942 (balanced 50/50 split)
Epochs: 8
Batch Size: 1 per device
Gradient Accumulation: 16 steps
Effective Batch Size: 16
Learning Rate: 2e-4
LoRA Dropout: 0.05
Optimizer: AdamW (paged_adamw_8bit)
GPU: NVIDIA H200 (143GB VRAM)

🏥 Clinical Impact

The fine-tuned model achieves 99.66% sensitivity, meaning it correctly identifies cancer in 99.66% of malignant cases. This high sensitivity is crucial for screening applications where missing cancer cases has severe consequences.

The trade-off is a slight increase in false positive rate (1.90%), which is acceptable in a clinical workflow where suspicious cases undergo additional review by radiologists.

Key Improvements:

Reduced false negatives from 243 → 5 cases (98% reduction)
Maintained high specificity (98.10%)
Balanced performance across both classes

🧪 Intended Use

This model is intended for research and educational purposes related to medical imaging, specifically breast cancer classification. It is not a certified diagnostic tool and should not be used in clinical decision-making without further validation.

📝 Citation

If you use this model, please cite:

bibtex

@misc{medgemma-breast-cancer-2025,
  author = {Edward Gaibor},
  title = {MedGemma Fine-tuned for Breast Cancer Detection on Balanced OMAMA Dataset},
  year = {2025},
  publisher = {Hugging Face},
  url = {https://huggingface.co/edziocodes/medgemma-breast-cancer}
}

🙏 Acknowledgments

Base model: Google's MedGemma-4B-IT
Dataset: OMAMA Mammography Dataset (Haehn et al., 2024)
Fine-tuning framework: Hugging Face PEFT & TRL

🏷️ Tags

medical
breast_cancer
mammograms
trl
sft
balanced_dataset
lora