The LLaMA-3.1-8B-Instruct-Uz model has been instruction-tuned using a mix of publicly available and syntheticly constructed Uzbek and English data to preserve its original knowledge while enhancing its capabilities. This model is designed to support various natural language processing tasks in Uzbek, such as machine translation, summarization, and dialogue systems, ensuring robust performance across these applications.

Developed by:

📊 Performance Comparison:

Model Name	BLEU Uz-En (One-shot)	BLEU En-Uz (One-shot)	COMET (Uz-En)	COMET (Ez-Un)	Uzbek Sentiment Analysis	Uzbek News Classification	MMLU (English) (5-shot)
Llama-3.1 8B Instruct	23.74	6.72	84.30	82.70	68.96	55.41	65.77
Llama-3.1 8B Instruct Uz	27.42	11.58	85.63	86.53	82.42	60.84	62.78
Mistral 7B Instruct	7.47	0.67	68.14	45.58	62.02	47.52	61.07
Mistral 7B Instruct Uz	29.39	16.77	86.91	88.75	79.13	59.38	55.72
Mistral Nemo Instruct	25.68	9.79	85.56	85.04	72.47	49.24	67.62
Mistral Nemo Instruct Uz	30.49	15.52	87.04	88.01	82.05	58.2	67.36
Google Translate	41.18	22.98	89.16	90.67	—	—	—

The results show that Uzbek-optimized models consistently outperform their base counterparts in translation benchmarks (BLEU and COMET) on the FLORES+ Uz-En / En-Uz evaluation datasets, sentiment analysis and news classification in Uzbek language. Also, on the MMLU benchmark, which measures general language understanding across multiple tasks in English, the finetuned models did not show significant decline. (The base Llama model’s MMLU score differs from the official score due to our evaluation method. Refer to the links below to see evaluation details.)

Looking ahead, these models are just early versions. We are actively working on further improving our data curation and fine-tuning method to provide even better results in the near future. In addition, we will scale up the dataset size both for continual-pretraining and instruction-tuning, and also customize other strong open-source LLMs for Uzbek language. We’re eager to see how these models will be used by our Uzbek 🇺🇿 community and look forward to continuing this work. 🚀

How to use

The Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct-Uz model can be used with transformers and with the original llama codebase.

Use with transformers

Starting with transformers >= 4.43.0 onward, you can run conversational inference using the Transformers pipeline abstraction or by leveraging the Auto classes with the generate() function.

Make sure to update your transformers installation via pip install --upgrade transformers.

python

import transformers
import torch

model_id = "behbudiy/Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct-Uz"

pipeline = transformers.pipeline(
    "text-generation",
    model=model_id,
    model_kwargs={"torch_dtype": torch.bfloat16},
    device_map="auto",
)

messages = [
    {"role": "system", "content": "Berilgan gap bo'yicha hissiyot tahlilini bajaring."},
    {"role": "user", "content": "Men bu filmni yaxshi ko'raman!"},
]

outputs = pipeline(
    messages,
    max_new_tokens=256,
)
print(outputs[0]["generated_text"][-1])

Note: You can also find detailed recipes on how to use the model locally, with torch.compile(), assisted generations, quantised and more at huggingface-llama-recipes

Use with `llama`

Please, follow the instructions in the repository

Information on Evaluation Method

To evaluate on the translation task, we used FLORES+ Uz-En / En-Uz datasets, where we merged the dev and test sets to create a bigger evaluation data for each Uz-En and En-Uz subsets. We used the following prompt to do one-shot Uz-En evaluation both for the base model and Uzbek-optimized model (for En-Uz eval, we changed the positions of the words "English" and "Uzbek").

python

  prompt = f'''You are a professional Uzbek-English translator. Your task is to accurately translate the given Uzbek text into English.

  Instructions:
  1. Translate the text from Uzbek to English.
  2. Maintain the original meaning and tone.
  3. Use appropriate English grammar and vocabulary.
  4. If you encounter an ambiguous or unfamiliar word, provide the most likely translation based on context.
  5. Output only the English translation, without any additional comments.

  Example:
  Uzbek: "Bugun ob-havo juda yaxshi, quyosh charaqlab turibdi."
  English: "The weather is very nice today, the sun is shining brightly."

  Now, please translate the following Uzbek text into English:
  "{sentence}"
    '''

To assess the model's ability in Uzbek sentiment analysis, we used the risqaliyevds/uzbek-sentiment-analysis dataset, for which we created binary labels (0: Negative, 1: Positive) using GPT-4o API (refer to behbudiy/uzbek-sentiment-analysis dataset). We used the following prompt for the evaluation:

python

prompt = f'''Given the following text, determine the sentiment as either 'Positive' or 'Negative.' Respond with only the word 'Positive' or 'Negative' without any additional text or explanation.

Text: {text}"
'''

For Uzbek News Classification, we used risqaliyevds/uzbek-zero-shot-classification dataset and asked the model to predict the category of the news using the following prompt:

python

prompt = f'''Classify the given Uzbek news article into one of the following categories. Provide only the category number as the answer.

Categories:
0 - Politics (Siyosat)
1 - Economy (Iqtisodiyot)
2 - Technology (Texnologiya)
3 - Sports (Sport)
4 - Culture (Madaniyat)
5 - Health (Salomatlik)
6 - Family and Society (Oila va Jamiyat)
7 - Education (Ta'lim)
8 - Ecology (Ekologiya)
9 - Foreign News (Xorijiy Yangiliklar)

Now classify this article:
"{text}"

Answer (number only):"
'''

On MMLU, we performed 5-shot evaluation using the following template and extracted the first token generated by the model for measuring accuracy:

python

template = "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about [subject area].

[Example question 1]
A. text
B. text
C. text
D. text
Answer: [Correct answer letter]

.
.
.

[Example question 5]
A. text
B. text
C. text
D. text
Answer: [Correct answer letter]

Now, let's think step by step and then provide only the letter corresponding to the correct answer for the below question, without any additional explanation or comments.

[Actual MMLU test question]
A. text
B. text
C. text
D. text
Answer:"

For more details and examples, refer to the base model below: https://huggingface.co/meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct

behbudiy/Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct-Uz

Model Description

How to use

Use with transformers

Use with llama

Information on Evaluation Method

More

behbudiy/
Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct-Uz

Use with `llama`