GGUF is a new format introduced by the llama.cpp team on August 21st 2023. It is a replacement for GGML, which is no longer supported by llama.cpp. GGUF offers numerous advantages over GGML, such as better tokenisation, and support for special tokens. It is also supports metadata, and is designed to be extensible.
Here is an incomplate list of clients and libraries that are known to support GGUF:
llama.cpp. The source project for GGUF. Offers a CLI and a server option.
text-generation-webui, the most widely used web UI, with many features and powerful extensions. Supports GPU acceleration.
KoboldCpp, a fully featured web UI, with GPU accel across all platforms and GPU architectures. Especially good for story telling.
LM Studio, an easy-to-use and powerful local GUI for Windows and macOS (Silicon), with GPU acceleration.
LoLLMS Web UI, a great web UI with many interesting and unique features, including a full model library for easy model selection.
Faraday.dev, an attractive and easy to use character-based chat GUI for Windows and macOS (both Silicon and Intel), with GPU acceleration.
ctransformers, a Python library with GPU accel, LangChain support, and OpenAI-compatible AI server.
llama-cpp-python, a Python library with GPU accel, LangChain support, and OpenAI-compatible API server.
candle, a Rust ML framework with a focus on performance, including GPU support, and ease of use.
[INST] <<SYS>>
You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.
<</SYS>>
{prompt}[/INST]
Licensing
The creator of the source model has listed its license as cc-by-nc-sa-4.0, and this quantization has therefore used that same license.
As this model is based on Llama 2, it is also subject to the Meta Llama 2 license terms, and the license files for that are additionally included. It should therefore be considered as being claimed to be licensed under both licenses. I contacted Hugging Face for clarification on dual licensing but they do not yet have an official position. Should this change, or should Meta provide any feedback on this situation, I will update this section accordingly.
In the meantime, any questions regarding licensing, and in particular how these two licenses might interact, should be directed to the original model repository: Bram Vanroy's Llama 2 13B Chat Dutch.
They are also compatible with many third party UIs and libraries - please see the list at the top of this README.
Explanation of quantisation methods
Click to see details
The new methods available are:
GGML_TYPE_Q2_K - "type-1" 2-bit quantization in super-blocks containing 16 blocks, each block having 16 weight. Block scales and mins are quantized with 4 bits. This ends up effectively using 2.5625 bits per weight (bpw)
GGML_TYPE_Q3_K - "type-0" 3-bit quantization in super-blocks containing 16 blocks, each block having 16 weights. Scales are quantized with 6 bits. This end up using 3.4375 bpw.
GGML_TYPE_Q4_K - "type-1" 4-bit quantization in super-blocks containing 8 blocks, each block having 32 weights. Scales and mins are quantized with 6 bits. This ends up using 4.5 bpw.
GGML_TYPE_Q5_K - "type-1" 5-bit quantization. Same super-block structure as GGML_TYPE_Q4_K resulting in 5.5 bpw
GGML_TYPE_Q6_K - "type-0" 6-bit quantization. Super-blocks with 16 blocks, each block having 16 weights. Scales are quantized with 8 bits. This ends up using 6.5625 bpw
Refer to the Provided Files table below to see what files use which methods, and how.
very large, extremely low quality loss - not recommended
Note: the above RAM figures assume no GPU offloading. If layers are offloaded to the GPU, this will reduce RAM usage and use VRAM instead.
How to download GGUF files
Note for manual downloaders: You almost never want to clone the entire repo! Multiple different quantisation formats are provided, and most users only want to pick and download a single file.
The following clients/libraries will automatically download models for you, providing a list of available models to choose from:
LM Studio
LoLLMS Web UI
Faraday.dev
In text-generation-webui
Under Download Model, you can enter the model repo: TheBloke/Llama-2-13B-Chat-Dutch-GGUF and below it, a specific filename to download, such as: llama-2-13b-chat-dutch.q4_K_M.gguf.
Then click Download.
On the command line, including multiple files at once
I recommend using the huggingface-hub Python library:
pip3 install huggingface-hub>=0.17.1
Then you can download any individual model file to the current directory, at high speed, with a command like this:
./main -ngl 32 -m llama-2-13b-chat-dutch.q4_K_M.gguf --color -c 4096 --temp 0.7 --repeat_penalty 1.1 -n -1 -p "[INST] <<SYS>>\nYou are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n<</SYS>>\n{prompt}[/INST]"
Change -ngl 32 to the number of layers to offload to GPU. Remove it if you don't have GPU acceleration.
Change -c 4096 to the desired sequence length. For extended sequence models - eg 8K, 16K, 32K - the necessary RoPE scaling parameters are read from the GGUF file and set by llama.cpp automatically.
If you want to have a chat-style conversation, replace the -p <PROMPT> argument with -i -ins
How to load this model from Python using ctransformers
First install the package
bash
1# Base ctransformers with no GPU acceleration2pip install ctransformers>=0.2.24
3# Or with CUDA GPU acceleration4pip install ctransformers[cuda]>=0.2.24
5# Or with ROCm GPU acceleration6CT_HIPBLAS=1 pip install ctransformers>=0.2.24 --no-binary ctransformers
7# Or with Metal GPU acceleration for macOS systems8CT_METAL=1 pip install ctransformers>=0.2.24 --no-binary ctransformers
Simple example code to load one of these GGUF models
python
1from ctransformers import AutoModelForCausalLM
23# Set gpu_layers to the number of layers to offload to GPU. Set to 0 if no GPU acceleration is available on your system.4llm = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("TheBloke/Llama-2-13B-Chat-Dutch-GGUF", model_file="llama-2-13b-chat-dutch.q4_K_M.gguf", model_type="llama", gpu_layers=50)56print(llm("AI is going to"))
How to use with LangChain
Here's guides on using llama-cpp-python or ctransformers with LangChain:
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Thank you to all my generous patrons and donaters!
And thank you again to a16z for their generous grant.
Original model card: Bram Vanroy's Llama 2 13B Chat Dutch
1@misc{https://doi.org/10.57967/hf/1018,
2 doi = {10.57967/HF/1018},
3 url = {https://huggingface.co/BramVanroy/Llama-2-13b-chat-dutch},
4 author = {{Bram Vanroy}},
5 title = {{Llama} v2 13b: {Finetuned} on {Dutch} Conversational Data},
6 publisher = {{Hugging} {Face}},
7 year = {2023}
8}
Model description
I could not get the original Llama 2 13B to produce much Dutch, even though the description paper indicates that it was trained on a (small) portion of Dutch data. I therefore
continued training the original Llama 2 13B checkpoint on Dutch data in regular CLM. In a second
step I finetuned that model on a collection of synthetic (translated) instruction and chat datasets that I have collected.
See their pages for licensing, usage, creation, and citation information.
This model is the result of that process. While not perfect by any means, it can perform reasonably well in Dutch depending on the prompts. It is also decent at helping with programming tasks.
Intended uses & limitations
Depending on the prompt, the model can return good results considering that it is only 13B in size and was only marginally pretrained on Dutch. That being said, the
model was not trained on human feedback and contains no safe-guards so it may produce unexpected and even offensive content depending on the query. The only attempt
of a safe-guard is the default prompt that it was trained on, which was
Je bent een behulpzame, respectvolle en eerlijke assistent. Antwoord altijd zo behulpzaam mogelijk. Je antwoorden mogen geen schadelijke, onethische, racistische, seksistische, gevaarlijke of illegale inhoud bevatten. Zorg ervoor dat je antwoorden sociaal onbevooroordeeld en positief van aard zijn.\n\nAls een vraag nergens op slaat of feitelijk niet coherent is, leg dan uit waarom in plaats van iets niet correct te antwoorden. Als je het antwoord op een vraag niet weet, deel dan geen onjuiste informatie.\
Use with caution and at your own risk!
Because the model was trained on synthetic data, translated with OpenAI's API, you cannot use this model to create a competitive product to theirs.
Training procedure
Trained with 4096 tokens context length. The dataset was preprocessed so that as many as possible dialogs were put in a single batch, without disrupting
dialogs. In other words, a dialog was never split up over different sequences or batches. During training, the human prompts were ignored in back propagation.
Trained with LoRA targetting ["q_proj", "v_proj"] in 4 bit and merged before upload. Trained with Flash Attention as borrowed from here.
The adapters are in the adapters branch.
Training hyperparameters
The following hyperparameters were used during training:
learning_rate: 0.0002
train_batch_size: 2
eval_batch_size: 2
seed: 42
distributed_type: multi-GPU
num_devices: 4
gradient_accumulation_steps: 8
total_train_batch_size: 64
total_eval_batch_size: 8
optimizer: Adam with betas=(0.9,0.95) and epsilon=1e-08
