Supra2-100M Base is a 100M-parameter decoder-only language model pretrained from scratch by SupraLabs on 30B tokens of English web text. It uses the Qwen3 architecture with a custom 32,768-token tokenizer.

This is a base model. It has not been instruction-tuned, chat-tuned, or aligned in any way.

Let the model speak - a sample

Prompt: "Artificial intelligence is " Completion:

plaintext

100% efficient, yet it still requires a lot of resources.
We are in the midst of a major transition from the traditional computer and software to artificial intelligence.
It is very important to have a strategy in mind. This is not only important for the companies that use it, but also for individuals and organizations that use it.
There is a huge difference between the two approaches. The artificial intelligence approach is based on computers and the software.
It has been proven that the artificial intelligence approach is more efficient and has a much better performance.
The benefits of artificial intelligence are also known to be immense. It is a powerful tool that can improve productivity, increase efficiency, and reduce costs.
It can be used for a wide range of tasks, from customer service to product development.
It is also used for various other tasks, such as sales, marketing, and customer service.
It is also used for various other tasks, such as customer service and product development.
There are a number of different types of artificial intelligence. These include machine learning, natural language processing, and neural networks.
The main advantage of using artificial intelligence is that it is more efficient and can be used for a wide range of tasks.
It is also[...]

Evaluation & Benchmarks

All benchmarks were evaluated using the EleutherAI LM-Eval Harness.

Model	PIQA (acc_norm)	HellaSwag (acc_norm)	ARC-Easy (acc_norm)	ARC-Challenge (acc_norm)
Supra-50M-Base	0.62	0.32	0.46	0.25
Supra2-100M Base	0.65	0.36	0.48	0.25
BananaMind-2-Pro-Preview-EXP	0.67	0.40	0.51	0.27
GPT-X-125M	0.65	0.37	0.51	0.25
OpenAI GPT-2 Small	0.62	0.31	0.39	0.22

Model Details


Developed by	SupraLabs
Model type	Causal decoder-only transformer (Qwen3)
Language	English
Parameters	100.7M total / 75.5M non-embedding
Training tokens	30B (300 tokens per parameter)
Context length	1,024 (trained) / 2,048 (config maximum, untested)
Precision	bfloat16
License	Apache 2.0

Architecture

Hyperparameter	Value
Hidden size	768
Layers	12
Attention heads	12 (GQA, 4 KV heads)
Head dim	64
Intermediate size (SwiGLU)	2048
Vocab size	32,768
Positional encoding	RoPE θ=10,000
Normalization	RMSNorm, ε=10-6 (incl. QK-Norm)
Tied embeddings	Yes
Sliding window	Disabled
Attention implementation	SDPA

Training Data

Source	Share	Approx. tokens
`HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu` (`sample-350BT`)	70%	21B
`HuggingFaceFW/dclm_100BT-shuffled`	30%	9B

Documents were tokenized with the custom supra2-tokenizer, concatenated into a flat uint16 token stream, and packed into contiguous 1,024-token chunks (no padding, no document masking — sequences may cross document boundaries).

Training Procedure

Setting	Value
Optimizer	AdamW (fused), β1=0.9, β2=0.95, ε=10−8
Peak learning rate	1×10-3
LR schedule	WSD (Warmup–Stable–Decay), `1-sqrt` decay to 0
Total steps	114k
Micro batch size	16
Gradient accumulation	16
Effective batch	256 sequences = 262,144 tokens/step
Weight decay	0.1
Gradient clipping	1.0
Auxiliary loss	Router-free z-loss, coefficient 10-4
Compile	`torch.compile` enabled
Hardware	1× RTX 5090 (32GB)

Usage

python

import torch
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer

model_id = "SupraLabs/Supra2-100M"

tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_id)
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
    model_id,
    torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16,
    device_map="auto",
)
model.eval()

prompt = "Artificial intelligence is "
inputs = tokenizer(prompt, return_tensors="pt").to(model.device)

with torch.no_grad():
    out = model.generate(
        **inputs,
        max_new_tokens=256,
        do_sample=True,
        temperature=0.3,
        top_p=0.85,
        top_k=15,
        no_repeat_ngram_size=3,
        repetition_penalty=1.1,
    )

print(tokenizer.decode(out[0], skip_special_tokens=True))

Tokenizer notes

The tokenizer ships with a ChatML template and reserved special tokens (<|im_start|>, <|im_end|>, <think>, <tool_call>, <|reserved_0..15|>, …). These exist so that downstream fine-tunes can adopt them without resizing embeddings — the base model has never seen them in training and will not behave sensibly if you apply the chat template.

Intended Use

Intended:

Research on small-scale pretraining, scaling behavior, and data mixtures
A cheap starting point for SFT / instruction tuning / domain adaptation
Educational use, ablations, and fast iteration on limited hardware

Not intended:

Any production or user-facing deployment
Factual question answering, advice, or decision support
Non-English text (essentially untrained; only supports english!)

Limitations and Bias

Small. At 100M parameters, factual recall, reasoning, arithmetic, and long-range coherence are weak. Expect frequent hallucination and topic drift.
Base model. No RLHF, no safety tuning, no refusal behavior. It will continue whatever text you give it, including harmful or offensive prompts.
Web-derived data. FineWeb-Edu and DCLM are filtered CommonCrawl derivatives and carry the biases, stereotypes, and factual errors of the open web.
Short context. Trained exclusively at 1,024 tokens. The config allows 2,048, but extrapolation beyond 1,024 is untested and likely degraded.
No document masking. Attention could cross document boundaries within a packed chunk, which slightly blurs document independence.
English only.

What comes next?

We are already training the next models in the Supra2-family:

Supra2-Nano (800k params)
Supra2-Small (~1.3M params)
Supra2-Medium (25M params)
Supra2-IMG: our SOTA small text-to-image model

SupraLabs/Supra2-100M-Base

Supra2-100M Base