We are well aware that 7.1M tokens is below the Chinchilla optimal target, but including more tokens wouldn't improve diversity. For example, after cleaning the full 90M token dataset, we were left with 7.1M tokens after deduplication (over 13k docs) and filtering (by language and length).

MCOD generates plausible-looking configs with the correct hyperparameters per model family.

Architecture

Parameter	Value
hidden_size	256
num_hidden_layers	4
num_attention_heads	4
num_key_value_heads	4
intermediate_size	1024
max_position_embeddings	1024
rope_theta	100000.0
tie_word_embeddings	true

MCOD uses the Qwen3 architecture.

Training

MCOD was trained on 18k entries, 7.1M tokens, and 1M words.

Hardware

MCOD was trained on one NVIDIA RTX 2060 6GB for 3 epochs with a batch size of 8.

Training Results

Step	Epoch	Train Loss	Train PPL	Eval Loss	Eval PPL
200	0.44	4.1022	60.53	1.8218	6.18
400	0.88	1.0227	2.78	0.5671	1.76
600	1.33	0.5434	1.72	0.3560	1.43
800	1.77	0.3978	1.49	0.2939	1.34
1000	2.21	0.3486	1.42	0.2514	1.29
1200	2.65	0.2944	1.34	0.2259	1.25

Generations

Prompt: {"model_type": "gpt2"

Output:

, "n_ctx": 1024, "n_embd": 768, "n_head": 12, "n_inner": null, "n_layer": 6, "n_positions": 1024, "reorder_and_upcast_attn": false, "resid_pdrop": 0.1, "scale_attn_by_inverse_layer_idx": false, "scale_attn_weights": true, "summary_activation": null, "summary_first_dropout": 0.1, "summary_proj_to_labels": true, "summary_type": "cls_index", "summary_use_proj": true, "task_specific_params": {"text-generation": {"do_sample": true, "max_length": 50}}, "torch_dtype": "float32", "transformers_version": "4.25.1", "use_cache": true, "vocab_size": 50257}

Prompt: {

Output:

"architectures": ["RobertaForSequenceClassification"], "attention_probs_dropout_prob": 0.1, "bos_token_id": 0, "classifier_dropout": null, "eos_token_id": 2, "hidden_act": "gelu", "hidden_dropout_prob": 0.1, "hidden_size": 768, "id2label": {"0": "LABEL_0"}, "initializer_range": 0.02, "intermediate_size": 3072, "label2id": {"LABEL_0": 0}, "layer_norm_eps": 1e-05, "max_position_embeddings": 514, "model_type": "roberta", "num_attention_heads": 12, "num_hidden_layers": 6, "pad_token_id": 1, "position_embedding_type": "absolute", "problem_type": "single_label_classification", "torch_dtype": "float32", "transformers_version": "4.11.3", "type_vocab_size": 1, "use_cache": true, "vocab_size": 50265}

Prompt: The cat crossed

Output:

, "architectures": ["BertForSequenceClassification"], "attention_probs_dropout_prob": 0.1, "classifier_dropout": null, "hidden_act": "gelu", "hidden_dropout_prob": 0.1, "hidden_size": 768, "id2label": {"0": "anger", "1": "fear", "2": "surprise"}, "initializer_range": 0.02, "intermediate_size": 3072, "label2id": {"sadness": 0, "neutral": 1, "joy": 2}, "layer_norm_eps": 1e-12, "max_position_embeddings": 512, "model_type": "bert", "num_attention_heads": 12, "num_hidden_layers": 12, "pad_token_id": 0, "position_embedding_type": "absolute", "problem_type": "single_label_classification", "torch_dtype": "float32", "transformers_version": "4.11.3", "type_vocab_size": 2, "use_cache": true, "vocab_size": 30522}

Limitations

Only generates model configs
Cannot converse or reason
Most unconditionally generated configs are BERT- or BART-centered

Use Cases

Educational research
JSON modeling
Generating synthetic configs for pretraining or fine-tuning datasets (be careful; the model hallucinates a lot)
Or, more simply, for fun.

Inference

python

# =============================================================================
# Inference
# =============================================================================

MODEL_DIR      = "Harley-ml/MCOD-4.7M"   # path
TOKENIZER_PATH = MODEL_DIR

# --- Generation settings ---
PROMPT             = "{"   # prompt
MAX_NEW_TOKENS     = 1024
TEMPERATURE        = 0.7
TOP_P              = 0.95
TOP_K              = 50
REPETITION_PENALTY = 1.1
DO_SAMPLE          = True

# =============================================================================

import torch
from pathlib import Path
from transformers import (
    AutoModelForCausalLM,
    PreTrainedTokenizerFast,
    AddedToken,
)

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Device
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

device = (
    "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else
    "mps"  if torch.backends.mps.is_available() else
    "cpu"
)
print(f"Device : {device}")

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Tokenizer  (mirrors training setup)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

def load_tokenizer(path: str):
    p = Path(path).resolve()
    if not p.exists():
        raise FileNotFoundError(f"Tokenizer not found: {p}")
    tok = PreTrainedTokenizerFast(tokenizer_file=str(p))
    specials = {}
    if tok.bos_token is None: specials["bos_token"] = AddedToken("<|bos|>", special=True)
    if tok.eos_token is None: specials["eos_token"] = AddedToken("<|eos|>", special=True)
    if tok.unk_token is None: specials["unk_token"] = AddedToken("<|unk|>", special=True)
    if tok.pad_token is None:
        if tok.eos_token is not None:
            tok.pad_token = tok.eos_token
        else:
            specials["pad_token"] = AddedToken("<|pad|>", special=True)
    if specials:
        tok.add_special_tokens(specials)
    tok.padding_side = "left"  # left-pad for batched generation
    return tok

print("Loading tokenizer...")
tokenizer = load_tokenizer(TOKENIZER_PATH)
print(f"  Vocab size : {tokenizer.vocab_size}")
print(f"  BOS        : {tokenizer.bos_token!r}")
print(f"  EOS        : {tokenizer.eos_token!r}")
print(f"  PAD        : {tokenizer.pad_token!r}  (id={tokenizer.pad_token_id})")

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Model
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

print(f"\nLoading model from {MODEL_DIR} ...")
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
    MODEL_DIR,
    dtype=torch.float16 if device == "cuda" else torch.float32,
    low_cpu_mem_usage=True,
)
model.eval()
model.to(device)

total_params = sum(p.numel() for p in model.parameters())
print(f"  Parameters : {total_params:,}")

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Generation helper
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

def generate(
    prompt: str             = PROMPT,
    max_new_tokens: int     = MAX_NEW_TOKENS,
    temperature: float      = TEMPERATURE,
    top_p: float            = TOP_P,
    top_k: int              = TOP_K,
    repetition_penalty: float = REPETITION_PENALTY,
    do_sample: bool         = DO_SAMPLE,
) -> str:
    
    bos         = tokenizer.bos_token or ""
    full_prompt = bos + prompt

    inputs = tokenizer(
        full_prompt,
        return_tensors="pt",
        add_special_tokens=False,
    ).to(device)
    inputs.pop("token_type_ids", None)  # Qwen3 doesn't use this

    gen_kwargs = dict(
        max_new_tokens     = max_new_tokens,
        do_sample          = do_sample,
        repetition_penalty = repetition_penalty,
        eos_token_id       = tokenizer.eos_token_id,
        pad_token_id       = tokenizer.pad_token_id,
    )
    if do_sample:
        gen_kwargs["temperature"] = temperature
        gen_kwargs["top_p"]       = top_p
        gen_kwargs["top_k"]       = top_k

    with torch.inference_mode():
        output_ids = model.generate(**inputs, **gen_kwargs)

    # Strip the prompt tokens so we only return what was generated
    prompt_len = inputs["input_ids"].shape[-1]
    new_ids    = output_ids[0][prompt_len:]
    return tokenizer.decode(new_ids, skip_special_tokens=True)


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Run
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

if __name__ == "__main__":
    print(f"\nPrompt : {PROMPT!r}")
    print("-" * 60)

    output = generate(PROMPT)

    print("Generated:")
    print(output)

Citation

bibtex

@misc{mcod-4.7m,
  title     = {MCOD-4.7M: Low Entropy Training; Hugging Face Model Configs},
  author    = {Harley-ml},
  year      = {2026},
  url       = {https://huggingface.co/Harley-ml/MCOD-4.7M}
}