Taiwan LLM is an advanced language model tailored for Traditional Chinese, focusing on the linguistic and cultural contexts of Taiwan. Developed from a large base model, it's enriched with diverse Taiwanese textual sources and refined through Supervised Fine-Tuning. This model excels in language understanding and generation, aligning closely with Taiwan's cultural nuances. It demonstrates improved performance on various benchmarks like TC-Eval, showcasing its contextual comprehension and cultural relevance. For detailed insights into Taiwan LLM's development and features, refer to our technical report.

Model description

Model type: A 7B parameter GPT-like model fine-tuned on a mix of publicly available, synthetic datasets.
Language(s) (NLP): Primarily Traditional Chinese (zh-tw)
Finetuned from model: yentinglin/Taiwan-LLM-7B-v2.0-base
TMMLUS+ score: 22.19570181818182

Model Sources

Repository: https://github.com/MiuLab/Taiwan-LLaMa
Demo: https://twllm.com/

Performance

Intended uses

Here's how you can run the model using the pipeline() function from 🤗 Transformers:

python

# pip install transformers>=4.34
# pip install accelerate

import torch
from transformers import pipeline

pipe = pipeline("text-generation", model="yentinglin/Taiwan-LLM-7B-v2.1-chat", torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16, device_map="auto")

# We use the tokenizer's chat template to format each message - see https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/en/chat_templating
messages = [
    {
        "role": "system",
        "content": "你是一個人工智慧助理",
    },
    {"role": "user", "content": "東北季風如何影響台灣氣候？"},
]
prompt = pipe.tokenizer.apply_chat_template(messages, tokenize=False, add_generation_prompt=True)
outputs = pipe(prompt, max_new_tokens=256, do_sample=True, temperature=0.7, top_k=50, top_p=0.95)
print(outputs[0]["generated_text"])

Training hyperparameters

The following hyperparameters were used during training:

learning_rate: 5e-05
distributed_type: multi-GPU
optimizer: Adam with betas=(0.9,0.999) and epsilon=1e-08
lr_scheduler_type: cosine
lr_scheduler_warmup_ratio: 0.03
num_epochs: 5.0

Citation

If you find Taiwan LLM is useful in your work, please cite it with:

@misc{lin2023taiwan,
      title={Taiwan LLM: Bridging the Linguistic Divide with a Culturally Aligned Language Model}, 
      author={Yen-Ting Lin and Yun-Nung Chen},
      year={2023},
      eprint={2311.17487},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CL}
}

Acknowledgement

Taiwan LLM v2 is conducted in collaboration with Ubitus K.K.. Ubitus provides valuable compute resources for the project.

Disclaimer

This model is provided “as‑is” and without warranties of any kind. Users are solely responsible for evaluating the accuracy and suitability of the outputs. The developers assume no liability for any direct or indirect damages arising from its use.
The model is strictly not intended for high‑risk applications such as medical diagnosis, legal advice, or financial investment. For such use cases, please consult qualified professionals.

本模型「如是」（as‑is）提供，使用者須自行評估結果之正確性與適用性。開發者對於使用本模型所引發之任何直接或間接損失，不承擔任何法律責任。
嚴禁用於醫療診斷、法律諮詢、金融投資等高風險場景；若有相關需求，請尋求專業人員協助。