This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from BAAI/bge-m3. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 1024-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

Model Details

Model Description

Model Type: Sentence Transformer
Base model: BAAI/bge-m3
Maximum Sequence Length: 512 tokens
Output Dimensionality: 1024 dimensions
Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity

Model Sources

Documentation: Sentence Transformers Documentation
Repository: Sentence Transformers on GitHub
Hugging Face: Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face

Full Model Architecture

SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': False, 'architecture': 'XLMRobertaModel'})
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 1024, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': True, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
  (2): Normalize()
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

python

from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("sentence_transformers_model_id")
# Run inference
sentences = [
    'Quy đổi 1 lượt golf thành 1 đêm nghỉ dưỡng tiêu chuẩn cho 2 người.',
    'Mỗi lượt golf trong tài khoản tương đương với 01 đêm phòng tiêu chuẩn dành cho 02 khách.',
    'Giao dịch ở siêu thị bằng thẻ được hoàn lại giá trị',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 1024]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities)
# tensor([[ 1.0000,  0.8742, -0.0163],
#         [ 0.8742,  1.0000, -0.0454],
#         [-0.0163, -0.0454,  1.0000]])

Evaluation

Metrics

Semantic Similarity

Dataset: banking-val
Evaluated with EmbeddingSimilarityEvaluator

Metric	Value
pearson_cosine	0.5023
spearman_cosine	0.5016

Training Details

Training Dataset

Unnamed Dataset

Size: 1,109 training samples
Columns: sentence1 and sentence2
Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
sentence1 sentence2
type string string
details
min: 7 tokens
mean: 17.54 tokens
max: 31 tokens
min: 5 tokens
mean: 19.86 tokens
max: 34 tokens

Samples:

sentence1	sentence2
`Hạn mức chuyển tiền qua internet banking`	`Giới hạn giao dịch trên mobile banking mỗi ngày`
`Lãi suất tiền gửi Tương lai kỳ hạn 1 năm là 3,70%/năm.`	`Sản phẩm Tiền gửi Tương lai 12 tháng có lãi suất 3,70%.`
`Chi tiêu khác ngoài siêu thị và di chuyển được hoàn 0,5%.`	`Các giao dịch chi tiêu thông thường khác áp dụng tỷ lệ hoàn tiền là 0,5%.`

Loss: MatryoshkaLoss with these parameters:
json
1{ 2 "loss": "MultipleNegativesRankingLoss", 3 "matryoshka_dims": [ 4 1024, 5 768, 6 512, 7 256, 8 128 9 ], 10 "matryoshka_weights": [ 11 1, 12 1, 13 1, 14 1, 15 1 16 ], 17 "n_dims_per_step": -1 18}

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

eval_strategy: epoch
learning_rate: 5e-06
num_train_epochs: 6
warmup_ratio: 0.1
fp16: True
load_best_model_at_end: True
batch_sampler: no_duplicates

All Hyperparameters

Click to expand

overwrite_output_dir: False
do_predict: False
eval_strategy: epoch
prediction_loss_only: True
per_device_train_batch_size: 8
per_device_eval_batch_size: 8
per_gpu_train_batch_size: None
per_gpu_eval_batch_size: None
gradient_accumulation_steps: 1
eval_accumulation_steps: None
torch_empty_cache_steps: None
learning_rate: 5e-06
weight_decay: 0.0
adam_beta1: 0.9
adam_beta2: 0.999
adam_epsilon: 1e-08
max_grad_norm: 1.0
num_train_epochs: 6
max_steps: -1
lr_scheduler_type: linear
lr_scheduler_kwargs: {}
warmup_ratio: 0.1
warmup_steps: 0
log_level: passive
log_level_replica: warning
log_on_each_node: True
logging_nan_inf_filter: True
save_safetensors: True
save_on_each_node: False
save_only_model: False
restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
no_cuda: False
use_cpu: False
use_mps_device: False
seed: 42
data_seed: None
jit_mode_eval: False
bf16: False
fp16: True
fp16_opt_level: O1
half_precision_backend: auto
bf16_full_eval: False
fp16_full_eval: False
tf32: None
local_rank: 0
ddp_backend: None
tpu_num_cores: None
tpu_metrics_debug: False
debug: []
dataloader_drop_last: False
dataloader_num_workers: 0
dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
past_index: -1
disable_tqdm: False
remove_unused_columns: True
label_names: None
load_best_model_at_end: True
ignore_data_skip: False
fsdp: []
fsdp_min_num_params: 0
fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: None
accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
parallelism_config: None
deepspeed: None
label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
optim: adamw_torch_fused
optim_args: None
adafactor: False
group_by_length: False
length_column_name: length
project: huggingface
trackio_space_id: trackio
ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
dataloader_pin_memory: True
dataloader_persistent_workers: False
skip_memory_metrics: True
use_legacy_prediction_loop: False
push_to_hub: False
resume_from_checkpoint: None
hub_model_id: None
hub_strategy: every_save
hub_private_repo: None
hub_always_push: False
hub_revision: None
gradient_checkpointing: False
gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
include_inputs_for_metrics: False
include_for_metrics: []
eval_do_concat_batches: True
fp16_backend: auto
push_to_hub_model_id: None
push_to_hub_organization: None
mp_parameters:
auto_find_batch_size: False
full_determinism: False
torchdynamo: None
ray_scope: last
ddp_timeout: 1800
torch_compile: False
torch_compile_backend: None
torch_compile_mode: None
include_tokens_per_second: False
include_num_input_tokens_seen: no
neftune_noise_alpha: None
optim_target_modules: None
batch_eval_metrics: False
eval_on_start: False
use_liger_kernel: False
liger_kernel_config: None
eval_use_gather_object: False
average_tokens_across_devices: True
prompts: None
batch_sampler: no_duplicates
multi_dataset_batch_sampler: proportional
router_mapping: {}
learning_rate_mapping: {}

Training Logs

Epoch	Step	Training Loss	banking-val_spearman_cosine
0.1429	10	0.9599	-
0.2857	20	1.241	-
0.4286	30	0.9945	-
0.5714	40	1.0378	-
0.7143	50	0.8056	-
0.8571	60	0.4594	-
1.0	70	0.5231	0.4477
1.1429	80	0.1718	-
1.2857	90	0.2573	-
1.4286	100	0.4365	-
1.5714	110	0.4087	-
1.7143	120	0.1634	-
1.8571	130	0.2878	-
2.0	140	0.2623	0.4541
2.1429	150	0.3152	-
2.2857	160	0.1694	-
2.4286	170	0.4442	-
2.5714	180	0.0521	-
2.7143	190	0.398	-
2.8571	200	0.2821	-
3.0	210	0.0689	0.4757
3.1429	220	0.0884	-
3.2857	230	0.1287	-
3.4286	240	0.114	-
3.5714	250	0.0855	-
3.7143	260	0.1124	-
3.8571	270	0.341	-
4.0	280	0.1434	0.4852
4.1429	290	0.0775	-
4.2857	300	0.221	-
4.4286	310	0.1457	-
4.5714	320	0.1224	-
4.7143	330	0.0609	-
4.8571	340	0.0364	-
5.0	350	0.0739	0.4978
5.1429	360	0.1004	-
5.2857	370	0.1364	-
5.4286	380	0.0411	-
5.5714	390	0.3235	-
5.7143	400	0.0252	-
5.8571	410	0.1668	-
6.0	420	0.0637	0.5016

The bold row denotes the saved checkpoint.

Framework Versions

Python: 3.12.12
Sentence Transformers: 5.1.1
Transformers: 4.57.1
PyTorch: 2.8.0+cu126
Accelerate: 1.11.0
Datasets: 4.4.2
Tokenizers: 0.22.1

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

bibtex

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

MatryoshkaLoss

bibtex

@misc{kusupati2024matryoshka,
    title={Matryoshka Representation Learning},
    author={Aditya Kusupati and Gantavya Bhatt and Aniket Rege and Matthew Wallingford and Aditya Sinha and Vivek Ramanujan and William Howard-Snyder and Kaifeng Chen and Sham Kakade and Prateek Jain and Ali Farhadi},
    year={2024},
    eprint={2205.13147},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.LG}
}

MultipleNegativesRankingLoss

bibtex

@misc{henderson2017efficient,
    title={Efficient Natural Language Response Suggestion for Smart Reply},
    author={Matthew Henderson and Rami Al-Rfou and Brian Strope and Yun-hsuan Sung and Laszlo Lukacs and Ruiqi Guo and Sanjiv Kumar and Balint Miklos and Ray Kurzweil},
    year={2017},
    eprint={1705.00652},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.CL}
}

	sentence1	sentence2
type	string	string
details	min: 7 tokens mean: 17.54 tokens max: 31 tokens	min: 5 tokens mean: 19.86 tokens max: 34 tokens

noace/bge-m3-banking-73pct

SentenceTransformer based on BAAI/bge-m3

Model Details

Model Description

Model Sources

Full Model Architecture

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

Evaluation

Metrics

Semantic Similarity

Training Details

Training Dataset

Unnamed Dataset

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

All Hyperparameters

Training Logs

Framework Versions

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

MatryoshkaLoss

MultipleNegativesRankingLoss

noace/
bge-m3-banking-73pct