This is a Cross Encoder model finetuned from microsoft/Multilingual-MiniLM-L12-H384 on the msmarco dataset using the sentence-transformers library. It computes scores for pairs of texts, which can be used for text reranking and semantic search.

Model Details

Model Description

Model Type: Cross Encoder
Base model: microsoft/Multilingual-MiniLM-L12-H384
Maximum Sequence Length: 512 tokens
Number of Output Labels: 1 label
Training Dataset:
- msmarco
Language: en

Model Sources

Documentation: Sentence Transformers Documentation
Documentation: Cross Encoder Documentation
Repository: Sentence Transformers on GitHub
Hugging Face: Cross Encoders on Hugging Face

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

python

from sentence_transformers import CrossEncoder

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = CrossEncoder("hasankursun/reranker-Multilingual-MiniLM-L12-H384-msmarco-mse")
# Get scores for pairs of texts
pairs = [
    ['what who did dr nassar molest', 'Dr. Larry Nassar, who is 54 years old, has been in prison while awaiting sentencing. During that time, McKayla Maroney and Aly Raisman revealed that Dr. Nassar had molested them, sharing their heartbreaking #MeToo stories with the world. Like so many others, these Olympic superstars describe Dr. Nassar, at the time their team doctor, administering treatments to them under the guise of medical practice.'],
    ['average monthly temperature in vancouver', 'Vancouver: Annual Weather Averages. August is the hottest month in Vancouver with an average temperature of 18Â°C (64Â°F) and the coldest is January at 4Â°C (38Â°F) with the most daily sunshine hours at 13 in July.The wettest month is November with an average of 200mm of rain.The best month to swim in the sea is in July when the average sea temperature is 14Â°C (57Â°F).he wettest month is November with an average of 200mm of rain. The best month to swim in the sea is in July when the average sea temperature is 14Â°C (57Â°F).'],
    ['do i have to file a tax return for my business if i dont have any income', 'The responsibility for filing your childâ\x80\x99s tax return rests with your child if he is capable of doing so. If he is not old enough to understand how to prepare a tax return, then it becomes your responsibility to file it for him or to include his income on your return.he responsibility for filing your childâ\x80\x99s tax return rests with your child if he is capable of doing so. If he is not old enough to understand how to prepare a tax return, then it becomes your responsibility to file it for him or to include his income on your return.'],
    ['what happens to your growth plate when you finish growing', 'Over the past 70 million years, the combined processes of magma formation, volcano eruption and growth, and continued movement of the Pacific Plate over the stationary Hawaiian hot-spot have left a long trail of volcanoes across the Pacific Ocean floor.s the Pacific Plate continues to move west-northwest, the Island of Hawaii will be carried beyond the hotspot by plate motion, setting the stage for the formation of a new volcanic island in its place.'],
    ['average cost of holiday to new zealand', 'Definition: Average total cost is the sum of all the production costs divided by the number of units produced. Terms related to Average Total Cost: 1  The Cost Curve. 2  Average Propensity to Consume.'],
]
scores = model.predict(pairs)
print(scores.shape)
# (5,)

# Or rank different texts based on similarity to a single text
ranks = model.rank(
    'what who did dr nassar molest',
    [
        'Dr. Larry Nassar, who is 54 years old, has been in prison while awaiting sentencing. During that time, McKayla Maroney and Aly Raisman revealed that Dr. Nassar had molested them, sharing their heartbreaking #MeToo stories with the world. Like so many others, these Olympic superstars describe Dr. Nassar, at the time their team doctor, administering treatments to them under the guise of medical practice.',
        'Vancouver: Annual Weather Averages. August is the hottest month in Vancouver with an average temperature of 18Â°C (64Â°F) and the coldest is January at 4Â°C (38Â°F) with the most daily sunshine hours at 13 in July.The wettest month is November with an average of 200mm of rain.The best month to swim in the sea is in July when the average sea temperature is 14Â°C (57Â°F).he wettest month is November with an average of 200mm of rain. The best month to swim in the sea is in July when the average sea temperature is 14Â°C (57Â°F).',
        'The responsibility for filing your childâ\x80\x99s tax return rests with your child if he is capable of doing so. If he is not old enough to understand how to prepare a tax return, then it becomes your responsibility to file it for him or to include his income on your return.he responsibility for filing your childâ\x80\x99s tax return rests with your child if he is capable of doing so. If he is not old enough to understand how to prepare a tax return, then it becomes your responsibility to file it for him or to include his income on your return.',
        'Over the past 70 million years, the combined processes of magma formation, volcano eruption and growth, and continued movement of the Pacific Plate over the stationary Hawaiian hot-spot have left a long trail of volcanoes across the Pacific Ocean floor.s the Pacific Plate continues to move west-northwest, the Island of Hawaii will be carried beyond the hotspot by plate motion, setting the stage for the formation of a new volcanic island in its place.',
        'Definition: Average total cost is the sum of all the production costs divided by the number of units produced. Terms related to Average Total Cost: 1  The Cost Curve. 2  Average Propensity to Consume.',
    ]
)
# [{'corpus_id': ..., 'score': ...}, {'corpus_id': ..., 'score': ...}, ...]

Evaluation

Metrics

Cross Encoder Reranking

Datasets: NanoMSMARCO_R100, NanoNFCorpus_R100 and NanoNQ_R100
Evaluated with CrossEncoderRerankingEvaluator with these parameters:
json
1{ 2 "at_k": 10, 3 "always_rerank_positives": true 4}

Metric	NanoMSMARCO_R100	NanoNFCorpus_R100	NanoNQ_R100
map	0.5969 (+0.1073)	0.3452 (+0.0842)	0.6475 (+0.2279)
mrr@10	0.5916 (+0.1141)	0.5892 (+0.0893)	0.6618 (+0.2351)
ndcg@10	0.6640 (+0.1236)	0.3925 (+0.0674)	0.7035 (+0.2028)

Cross Encoder Nano BEIR

Dataset: NanoBEIR_R100_mean
Evaluated with CrossEncoderNanoBEIREvaluator with these parameters:
json
1{ 2 "dataset_names": [ 3 "msmarco", 4 "nfcorpus", 5 "nq" 6 ], 7 "rerank_k": 100, 8 "at_k": 10, 9 "always_rerank_positives": true 10}

Metric	Value
map	0.5299 (+0.1398)
mrr@10	0.6142 (+0.1462)
ndcg@10	0.5867 (+0.1313)

Training Details

Training Dataset

msmarco

Dataset: msmarco at 9e329ed
Size: 1,990,000 training samples
Columns: score, query, and passage
Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
score query passage
type float string string
details
min: -11.82
mean: 0.84
max: 10.86
min: 10 characters
mean: 33.38 characters
max: 91 characters
min: 57 characters
mean: 346.19 characters
max: 916 characters

Samples:

score	query	passage
`-1.2796382506688435`	`what hormone is released after a meal`	`This conduction of bile is the main function of the common bile duct. The hormone cholecystokinin, when stimulated by a fatty meal, promotes bile secretion by increased production of hepatic bile, contraction of the gall bladder, and relaxation of the Sphincter of Oddi.`
`5.993939399719238`	`what can cause fluid around the heart and in the lungs`	`But in certain circumstances, the alveoli fill with fluid instead of air, preventing oxygen from being absorbed into your bloodstream. A number of things can cause fluid to accumulate in your lungs, but most have to do with your heart (cardiogenic pulmonary edema).`
`-3.6289062102635703`	`which war did augustus underwood serve in?`	`Quick Answer. Caesar Augustus, also known as Octavian, was the first Roman emperor after the assassination of Julius Caesar in 43 B.C. Augustus was Caesar's grand nephew who shrewdly combined lawmaking, military might and institutional building to create the foundations of the 200-year Pax Romana, explains Biography.com.`

Loss: MSELoss with these parameters:
json
1{ 2 "activation_fn": "torch.nn.modules.linear.Identity" 3}

Evaluation Dataset

msmarco

Dataset: msmarco at 9e329ed
Size: 10,000 evaluation samples
Columns: score, query, and passage
Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
score query passage
type float string string
details
min: -11.82
mean: 0.75
max: 11.1
min: 10 characters
mean: 33.5 characters
max: 173 characters
min: 50 characters
mean: 350.19 characters
max: 1175 characters

Samples:

score	query	passage
`7.531805515289307`	`what who did dr nassar molest`	`Dr. Larry Nassar, who is 54 years old, has been in prison while awaiting sentencing. During that time, McKayla Maroney and Aly Raisman revealed that Dr. Nassar had molested them, sharing their heartbreaking #MeToo stories with the world. Like so many others, these Olympic superstars describe Dr. Nassar, at the time their team doctor, administering treatments to them under the guise of medical practice.`
`8.721138636271158`	`average monthly temperature in vancouver`	Vancouver: Annual Weather Averages. August is the hottest month in Vancouver with an average temperature of 18Â°C (64Â°F) and the coldest is January at 4Â°C (38Â°F) with the most daily sunshine hours at 13 in July.The wettest month is November with an average of 200mm of rain.The best month to swim in the sea is in July when the average sea temperature is 14Â°C (57Â°F).he wettest month is November with an average of 200mm of rain. The best month to swim in the sea is in July when the average sea temperature is 14Â°C (57Â°F).
`-2.6914831002553306`	`do i have to file a tax return for my business if i dont have any income`	The responsibility for filing your childâs tax return rests with your child if he is capable of doing so. If he is not old enough to understand how to prepare a tax return, then it becomes your responsibility to file it for him or to include his income on your return.he responsibility for filing your childâs tax return rests with your child if he is capable of doing so. If he is not old enough to understand how to prepare a tax return, then it becomes your responsibility to file it for him or to include his income on your return.

Loss: MSELoss with these parameters:
json
1{ 2 "activation_fn": "torch.nn.modules.linear.Identity" 3}

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

eval_strategy: steps
per_device_train_batch_size: 16
per_device_eval_batch_size: 16
learning_rate: 8e-06
num_train_epochs: 1
warmup_ratio: 0.1
seed: 12
bf16: True
dataloader_num_workers: 4
load_best_model_at_end: True

All Hyperparameters

Click to expand

overwrite_output_dir: False
do_predict: False
eval_strategy: steps
prediction_loss_only: True
per_device_train_batch_size: 16
per_device_eval_batch_size: 16
per_gpu_train_batch_size: None
per_gpu_eval_batch_size: None
gradient_accumulation_steps: 1
eval_accumulation_steps: None
torch_empty_cache_steps: None
learning_rate: 8e-06
weight_decay: 0.0
adam_beta1: 0.9
adam_beta2: 0.999
adam_epsilon: 1e-08
max_grad_norm: 1.0
num_train_epochs: 1
max_steps: -1
lr_scheduler_type: linear
lr_scheduler_kwargs: {}
warmup_ratio: 0.1
warmup_steps: 0
log_level: passive
log_level_replica: warning
log_on_each_node: True
logging_nan_inf_filter: True
save_safetensors: True
save_on_each_node: False
save_only_model: False
restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
no_cuda: False
use_cpu: False
use_mps_device: False
seed: 12
data_seed: None
jit_mode_eval: False
bf16: True
fp16: False
fp16_opt_level: O1
half_precision_backend: auto
bf16_full_eval: False
fp16_full_eval: False
tf32: None
local_rank: 0
ddp_backend: None
tpu_num_cores: None
tpu_metrics_debug: False
debug: []
dataloader_drop_last: False
dataloader_num_workers: 4
dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
past_index: -1
disable_tqdm: False
remove_unused_columns: True
label_names: None
load_best_model_at_end: True
ignore_data_skip: False
fsdp: []
fsdp_min_num_params: 0
fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: None
accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
parallelism_config: None
deepspeed: None
label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
optim: adamw_torch_fused
optim_args: None
adafactor: False
group_by_length: False
length_column_name: length
project: huggingface
trackio_space_id: trackio
ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
dataloader_pin_memory: True
dataloader_persistent_workers: False
skip_memory_metrics: True
use_legacy_prediction_loop: False
push_to_hub: False
resume_from_checkpoint: None
hub_model_id: None
hub_strategy: every_save
hub_private_repo: None
hub_always_push: False
hub_revision: None
gradient_checkpointing: False
gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
include_inputs_for_metrics: False
include_for_metrics: []
eval_do_concat_batches: True
fp16_backend: auto
push_to_hub_model_id: None
push_to_hub_organization: None
mp_parameters:
auto_find_batch_size: False
full_determinism: False
torchdynamo: None
ray_scope: last
ddp_timeout: 1800
torch_compile: False
torch_compile_backend: None
torch_compile_mode: None
include_tokens_per_second: False
include_num_input_tokens_seen: no
neftune_noise_alpha: None
optim_target_modules: None
batch_eval_metrics: False
eval_on_start: False
use_liger_kernel: False
liger_kernel_config: None
eval_use_gather_object: False
average_tokens_across_devices: True
prompts: None
batch_sampler: batch_sampler
multi_dataset_batch_sampler: proportional
router_mapping: {}
learning_rate_mapping: {}

Training Logs

Epoch	Step	Training Loss	Validation Loss	NanoMSMARCO_R100_ndcg@10	NanoNFCorpus_R100_ndcg@10	NanoNQ_R100_ndcg@10	NanoBEIR_R100_mean_ndcg@10
-1	-1	-	-	0.0412 (-0.4992)	0.2383 (-0.0867)	0.0468 (-0.4538)	0.1088 (-0.3466)
0.0000	1	66.3043	-	-	-	-	-
0.0322	4000	51.8043	-	-	-	-	-
0.0643	8000	19.8202	-	-	-	-	-
0.0965	12000	8.3776	-	-	-	-	-
0.1286	16000	5.8256	-	-	-	-	-
0.1608	20000	4.9058	4.1738	0.6666 (+0.1262)	0.3713 (+0.0463)	0.6888 (+0.1882)	0.5756 (+0.1202)
0.1930	24000	4.4046	-	-	-	-	-
0.2251	28000	4.0191	-	-	-	-	-
0.2573	32000	3.8165	-	-	-	-	-
0.2894	36000	3.5786	-	-	-	-	-
0.3216	40000	3.484	3.3411	0.6856 (+0.1451)	0.3848 (+0.0597)	0.6858 (+0.1852)	0.5854 (+0.1300)
0.3538	44000	3.3467	-	-	-	-	-
0.3859	48000	3.1952	-	-	-	-	-
0.4181	52000	3.1518	-	-	-	-	-
0.4503	56000	3.0006	-	-	-	-	-
0.4824	60000	3.0028	2.9331	0.6609 (+0.1204)	0.3894 (+0.0643)	0.7033 (+0.2027)	0.5845 (+0.1292)
0.5146	64000	2.8912	-	-	-	-	-
0.5467	68000	2.8112	-	-	-	-	-
0.5789	72000	2.7707	-	-	-	-	-
0.6111	76000	2.7566	-	-	-	-	-
0.6432	80000	2.667	2.6270	0.6603 (+0.1199)	0.3967 (+0.0717)	0.6790 (+0.1784)	0.5787 (+0.1233)
0.6754	84000	2.6895	-	-	-	-	-
0.7075	88000	2.6151	-	-	-	-	-
0.7397	92000	2.558	-	-	-	-	-
0.7719	96000	2.5346	-	-	-	-	-
0.804	100000	2.5255	2.3877	0.6640 (+0.1236)	0.3925 (+0.0674)	0.7035 (+0.2028)	0.5867 (+0.1313)
0.8362	104000	2.488	-	-	-	-	-
0.8683	108000	2.5009	-	-	-	-	-
0.9005	112000	2.4195	-	-	-	-	-
0.9327	116000	2.4237	-	-	-	-	-
0.9648	120000	2.4671	2.3669	0.6640 (+0.1236)	0.3955 (+0.0705)	0.6877 (+0.1871)	0.5824 (+0.1270)
0.9970	124000	2.3769	-	-	-	-	-
-1	-1	-	-	0.6640 (+0.1236)	0.3925 (+0.0674)	0.7035 (+0.2028)	0.5867 (+0.1313)

The bold row denotes the saved checkpoint.

Framework Versions

Python: 3.12.3
Sentence Transformers: 5.1.2
Transformers: 4.57.1
PyTorch: 2.9.1+cu128
Accelerate: 1.11.0
Datasets: 4.4.1
Tokenizers: 0.22.1

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

bibtex

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

	score	query	passage
type	float	string	string
details	min: -11.82 mean: 0.84 max: 10.86	min: 10 characters mean: 33.38 characters max: 91 characters	min: 57 characters mean: 346.19 characters max: 916 characters