Introduction
SmallThinker is a family of on-device native Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) language models specially designed for local deployment,
co-developed by the IPADS and School of AI at Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Zenergize AI.
Designed from the ground up for resource-constrained environments,
SmallThinker brings powerful, private, and low-latency AI directly to your personal devices,
without relying on the cloud.
Performance
Note: The model is trained mainly on English.
| Model | MMLU | GPQA-diamond | GSM8K | MATH-500 | IFEVAL | LIVEBENCH | HUMANEVAL | Average |
|---|
| SmallThinker-4BA0.6B-Instruct | 66.11 | 31.31 | 80.02 | 60.60 | 69.69 | 42.20 | 82.32 | 61.75 |
| Qwen3-0.6B | 43.31 | 26.77 | 62.85 | 45.6 | 58.41 | 23.1 | 31.71 | 41.67 |
| Qwen3-1.7B | 64.19 | 27.78 | 81.88 | 63.6 | 69.50 | 35.60 | 61.59 | 57.73 |
| Gemma3nE2b-it | 63.04 | 20.2 | 82.34 | 58.6 | 73.2 | 27.90 | 64.63 | 55.70 |
| Llama-3.2-3B-Instruct | 64.15 | 24.24 | 75.51 | 40 | 71.16 | 15.30 | 55.49 | 49.41 |
| Llama-3.2-1B-Instruct | 45.66 | 22.73 | 1.67 | 14.4 | 48.06 | 13.50 | 37.20 | 26.17 |
For the MMLU evaluation, we use a 0-shot CoT setting.
All models are evaluated in non-thinking mode.
Speed
| Model | Memory(GiB) | i9 14900 | 1+13 8gen4 | rk3588 (16G) | rk3576 | Raspberry PI 5 | RDK X5 | rk3566 |
|---|
| SmallThinker 4B+sparse ffn +sparse lm_head | 2.24 | 108.17 | 78.99 | 39.76 | 15.10 | 28.77 | 7.23 | 6.33 |
| SmallThinker 4B+sparse ffn +sparse lm_head+limited memory | limit 1G | 29.99 | 20.91 | 15.04 | 2.60 | 0.75 | 0.67 | 0.74 |
| Qwen3 0.6B | 0.6 | 148.56 | 94.91 | 45.93 | 15.29 | 27.44 | 13.32 | 9.76 |
| Qwen3 1.7B | 1.3 | 62.24 | 41.00 | 20.29 | 6.09 | 11.08 | 6.35 | 4.15 |
| Qwen3 1.7B+limited memory | limit 1G | 2.66 | 1.09 | 1.00 | 0.47 | - | - | 0.11 |
| Gemma3n E2B | 1G, theoretically | 36.88 | 27.06 | 12.50 | 3.80 | 6.66 | 3.46 | 2.45 |
Note: i9 14900, 1+13 8ge4 use 4 threads, others use the number of threads that can achieve the maximum speed. All models here have been quantized to q4_0.
You can deploy SmallThinker with offloading support using
PowerInferModel Card
| **Architecture** | Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) |
|:---:|:---:|
| **Total Parameters** | 4B |
| **Activated Parameters** | 0.6B |
| **Number of Layers** | 32 |
| **Attention Hidden Dimension** | 1536 |
| **MoE Hidden Dimension** (per Expert) | 768 |
| **Number of Attention Heads** | 12 |
| **Number of Experts** | 32 |
| **Selected Experts per Token** | 4 |
| **Vocabulary Size** | 151,936 |
| **Context Length** | 32K |
| **Attention Mechanism** | GQA |
| **Activation Function** | ReGLU |
## How to Run
### Transformers
`transformers==4.53.3` is required, we are actively working to support the latest version.
The following contains a code snippet illustrating how to use the model generate content based on given inputs.
```python
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
import torch
path = "PowerInfer/SmallThinker-4BA0.6B-Instruct"
device = "cuda"
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(path, trust_remote_code=True)
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(path, torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16, device_map=device, trust_remote_code=True)
messages = [
{"role": "user", "content": "Give me a short introduction to large language model."},
]
model_inputs = tokenizer.apply_chat_template(messages, return_tensors="pt", add_generation_prompt=True).to(device)
model_outputs = model.generate(
model_inputs,
do_sample=True,
max_new_tokens=1024
)
output_token_ids = [
model_outputs[i][len(model_inputs[i]):] for i in range(len(model_inputs))
]
responses = tokenizer.batch_decode(output_token_ids, skip_special_tokens=True)[0]
print(responses)
```
### ModelScope
`ModelScope` adopts Python API similar to (though not entirely identical to) `Transformers`. For basic usage, simply modify the first line of the above code as follows:
```python
from modelscope import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
```
## Statement
- Due to the constraints of its model size and the limitations of its training data, its responses may contain factual inaccuracies, biases, or outdated information.
- Users bear full responsibility for independently evaluating and verifying the accuracy and appropriateness of all generated content.
- SmallThinker does not possess genuine comprehension or consciousness and cannot express personal opinions or value judgments.
