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3 <b>m1</b>: Unleash the Potential of Test-Time Scaling for Medical Reasoning in Large Language Models
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6A simple test-time scaling strategy, with minimal fine-tuning, can unlock strong medical reasoning within large language models.
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10This repository contains the model presented in the paper [m1: Unleash the Potential of Test-Time Scaling for Medical Reasoning in Large Language Models](https://huggingface.co/papers/2504.00869).
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12Code: https://github.com/UCSC-VLAA/m1
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14## ⚡ Introduction
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16Hi! Welcome to the huggingface repository for m1!
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18**m1** is a medical LLM designed to enhance reasoning through efficient test-time scaling. It enables lightweight models to match or exceed the performance of much larger counterparts by extending inference-time “thinking.” Unlike methods that rely on complex RL or expert supervision, m1 achieves strong results through:
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20- **Fine-tuning on a small, high-quality set of verified medical reasoning examples**, showing that even with just 1K–23K examples, m1-7B *surpasses* models like HuatuoGPT-o1-7B and UltraMedical-8B, and m1-32B *rivals* 70B-scale models.
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22- **Scaling reasoning at inference using token budgets**, which consistently improves performance across medical QA tasks—up to an optimal ~4K token budget, beyond which performance may degrade due to overthinking.
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24- **Identifying medical knowledge as the key bottleneck**, revealing that additional reasoning alone cannot overcome knowledge gaps; instead, improvements require better data quality and increased model capacity.