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Rajagurumurugan/
bge-base-financial-matryoshka

Name: bge-base-financial-matryoshka
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BGE base Financial Matryoshka

This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from BAAI/bge-base-en-v1.5 on the json dataset. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 768-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

Model Details

Model Description

Model Type: Sentence Transformer
Base model: BAAI/bge-base-en-v1.5
Maximum Sequence Length: 512 tokens
Output Dimensionality: 768 tokens
Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity
Training Dataset:
- json
Language: en
License: apache-2.0

Model Sources

Documentation: Sentence Transformers Documentation
Repository: Sentence Transformers on GitHub
Hugging Face: Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face

Full Model Architecture

SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': True}) with Transformer model: BertModel 
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': True, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
  (2): Normalize()
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

python

from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("Rajagurumurugan/bge-base-financial-matryoshka")
# Run inference
sentences = [
    'Management assessed the effectiveness of the company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023. In making this assessment, we used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013).',
    'What criteria did Caterpillar Inc. use to assess the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023?',
    'What are the primary components of U.S. sales volumes for Ford?',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 768]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities.shape)
# [3, 3]

Evaluation

Metrics

Information Retrieval

Dataset: dim_768
Evaluated with InformationRetrievalEvaluator

Metric	Value
cosine_accuracy@1	0.6914
cosine_accuracy@3	0.8229
cosine_accuracy@5	0.8586
cosine_accuracy@10	0.9057
cosine_precision@1	0.6914
cosine_precision@3	0.2743
cosine_precision@5	0.1717
cosine_precision@10	0.0906
cosine_recall@1	0.6914
cosine_recall@3	0.8229
cosine_recall@5	0.8586
cosine_recall@10	0.9057
cosine_ndcg@10	0.7998
cosine_mrr@10	0.7658
cosine_map@100	0.7694

Information Retrieval

Dataset: dim_512
Evaluated with InformationRetrievalEvaluator

Metric	Value
cosine_accuracy@1	0.6843
cosine_accuracy@3	0.8186
cosine_accuracy@5	0.8643
cosine_accuracy@10	0.91
cosine_precision@1	0.6843
cosine_precision@3	0.2729
cosine_precision@5	0.1729
cosine_precision@10	0.091
cosine_recall@1	0.6843
cosine_recall@3	0.8186
cosine_recall@5	0.8643
cosine_recall@10	0.91
cosine_ndcg@10	0.797
cosine_mrr@10	0.7608
cosine_map@100	0.7639

Information Retrieval

Dataset: dim_256
Evaluated with InformationRetrievalEvaluator

Metric	Value
cosine_accuracy@1	0.6886
cosine_accuracy@3	0.8171
cosine_accuracy@5	0.8557
cosine_accuracy@10	0.8957
cosine_precision@1	0.6886
cosine_precision@3	0.2724
cosine_precision@5	0.1711
cosine_precision@10	0.0896
cosine_recall@1	0.6886
cosine_recall@3	0.8171
cosine_recall@5	0.8557
cosine_recall@10	0.8957
cosine_ndcg@10	0.7929
cosine_mrr@10	0.7599
cosine_map@100	0.7637

Information Retrieval

Dataset: dim_128
Evaluated with InformationRetrievalEvaluator

Metric	Value
cosine_accuracy@1	0.6657
cosine_accuracy@3	0.8043
cosine_accuracy@5	0.84
cosine_accuracy@10	0.8771
cosine_precision@1	0.6657
cosine_precision@3	0.2681
cosine_precision@5	0.168
cosine_precision@10	0.0877
cosine_recall@1	0.6657
cosine_recall@3	0.8043
cosine_recall@5	0.84
cosine_recall@10	0.8771
cosine_ndcg@10	0.7734
cosine_mrr@10	0.7398
cosine_map@100	0.7443

Information Retrieval

Dataset: dim_64
Evaluated with InformationRetrievalEvaluator

Metric	Value
cosine_accuracy@1	0.6443
cosine_accuracy@3	0.78
cosine_accuracy@5	0.8171
cosine_accuracy@10	0.8629
cosine_precision@1	0.6443
cosine_precision@3	0.26
cosine_precision@5	0.1634
cosine_precision@10	0.0863
cosine_recall@1	0.6443
cosine_recall@3	0.78
cosine_recall@5	0.8171
cosine_recall@10	0.8629
cosine_ndcg@10	0.7538
cosine_mrr@10	0.7189
cosine_map@100	0.7234

Training Details

Training Dataset

json

Dataset: json
Size: 6,300 training samples
Columns: positive and anchor
Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
positive anchor
type string string
details
min: 8 tokens
mean: 44.33 tokens
max: 289 tokens
min: 9 tokens
mean: 20.43 tokens
max: 46 tokens

Samples:

positive	anchor
The Company defines fair value as the price received to transfer an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, the Company uses the fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1), observable inputs other than quoted prices (Level 2), and unobservable inputs (Level 3).	`What is the role of Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 inputs in the fair value hierarchy according to ASC 820?`
`In the event of conversion of the Notes, if shares are delivered to the Company under the Capped Call Transactions, they will offset the dilutive effect of the shares that the Company would issue under the Notes.`	`What happens to the dilutive effect of shares issued under the Notes if shares are delivered to the Company under the Capped Call Transactions during the conversion?`
`Marketing expenses increased $48.8 million to $759.2 million in the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the year ended December 31, 2022.`	`How much did the marketing expenses increase in the year ended December 31, 2023?`

Loss: MatryoshkaLoss with these parameters:
json
1{ 2 "loss": "MultipleNegativesRankingLoss", 3 "matryoshka_dims": [ 4 768, 5 512, 6 256, 7 128, 8 64 9 ], 10 "matryoshka_weights": [ 11 1, 12 1, 13 1, 14 1, 15 1 16 ], 17 "n_dims_per_step": -1 18}

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

eval_strategy: epoch
per_device_train_batch_size: 32
per_device_eval_batch_size: 16
gradient_accumulation_steps: 16
learning_rate: 2e-05
num_train_epochs: 4
lr_scheduler_type: cosine
warmup_ratio: 0.1
bf16: True
tf32: True
load_best_model_at_end: True
optim: adamw_torch_fused
batch_sampler: no_duplicates

All Hyperparameters

Click to expand

overwrite_output_dir: False
do_predict: False
eval_strategy: epoch
prediction_loss_only: True
per_device_train_batch_size: 32
per_device_eval_batch_size: 16
per_gpu_train_batch_size: None
per_gpu_eval_batch_size: None
gradient_accumulation_steps: 16
eval_accumulation_steps: None
learning_rate: 2e-05
weight_decay: 0.0
adam_beta1: 0.9
adam_beta2: 0.999
adam_epsilon: 1e-08
max_grad_norm: 1.0
num_train_epochs: 4
max_steps: -1
lr_scheduler_type: cosine
lr_scheduler_kwargs: {}
warmup_ratio: 0.1
warmup_steps: 0
log_level: passive
log_level_replica: warning
log_on_each_node: True
logging_nan_inf_filter: True
save_safetensors: True
save_on_each_node: False
save_only_model: False
restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
no_cuda: False
use_cpu: False
use_mps_device: False
seed: 42
data_seed: None
jit_mode_eval: False
use_ipex: False
bf16: True
fp16: False
fp16_opt_level: O1
half_precision_backend: auto
bf16_full_eval: False
fp16_full_eval: False
tf32: True
local_rank: 0
ddp_backend: None
tpu_num_cores: None
tpu_metrics_debug: False
debug: []
dataloader_drop_last: False
dataloader_num_workers: 0
dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
past_index: -1
disable_tqdm: False
remove_unused_columns: True
label_names: None
load_best_model_at_end: True
ignore_data_skip: False
fsdp: []
fsdp_min_num_params: 0
fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: None
accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
deepspeed: None
label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
optim: adamw_torch_fused
optim_args: None
adafactor: False
group_by_length: False
length_column_name: length
ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
dataloader_pin_memory: True
dataloader_persistent_workers: False
skip_memory_metrics: True
use_legacy_prediction_loop: False
push_to_hub: False
resume_from_checkpoint: None
hub_model_id: None
hub_strategy: every_save
hub_private_repo: False
hub_always_push: False
gradient_checkpointing: False
gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
include_inputs_for_metrics: False
eval_do_concat_batches: True
fp16_backend: auto
push_to_hub_model_id: None
push_to_hub_organization: None
mp_parameters:
auto_find_batch_size: False
full_determinism: False
torchdynamo: None
ray_scope: last
ddp_timeout: 1800
torch_compile: False
torch_compile_backend: None
torch_compile_mode: None
dispatch_batches: None
split_batches: None
include_tokens_per_second: False
include_num_input_tokens_seen: False
neftune_noise_alpha: None
optim_target_modules: None
batch_eval_metrics: False
batch_sampler: no_duplicates
multi_dataset_batch_sampler: proportional

Training Logs

Epoch	Step	Training Loss	dim_768_cosine_map@100	dim_512_cosine_map@100	dim_256_cosine_map@100	dim_128_cosine_map@100	dim_64_cosine_map@100
0.8122	10	1.5604	-	-	-	-	-
0.9746	12	-	0.7547	0.7556	0.7489	0.7274	0.6903
1.6244	20	0.6615	-	-	-	-	-
1.9492	24	-	0.7646	0.7630	0.7588	0.7422	0.7198
2.4365	30	0.4579	-	-	-	-	-
2.9239	36	-	0.7695	0.7648	0.7622	0.7459	0.7237
3.2487	40	0.3996	-	-	-	-	-
3.8985	48	-	0.7694	0.7639	0.7637	0.7443	0.7234

The bold row denotes the saved checkpoint.

Framework Versions

Python: 3.10.12
Sentence Transformers: 3.2.0
Transformers: 4.41.2
PyTorch: 2.2.0a0+6a974be
Accelerate: 0.27.0
Datasets: 2.19.1
Tokenizers: 0.19.1

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

bibtex

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

MatryoshkaLoss

bibtex

@misc{kusupati2024matryoshka,
    title={Matryoshka Representation Learning},
    author={Aditya Kusupati and Gantavya Bhatt and Aniket Rege and Matthew Wallingford and Aditya Sinha and Vivek Ramanujan and William Howard-Snyder and Kaifeng Chen and Sham Kakade and Prateek Jain and Ali Farhadi},
    year={2024},
    eprint={2205.13147},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.LG}
}

MultipleNegativesRankingLoss

bibtex

@misc{henderson2017efficient,
    title={Efficient Natural Language Response Suggestion for Smart Reply},
    author={Matthew Henderson and Rami Al-Rfou and Brian Strope and Yun-hsuan Sung and Laszlo Lukacs and Ruiqi Guo and Sanjiv Kumar and Balint Miklos and Ray Kurzweil},
    year={2017},
    eprint={1705.00652},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.CL}
}

	positive	anchor
type	string	string
details	min: 8 tokens mean: 44.33 tokens max: 289 tokens	min: 9 tokens mean: 20.43 tokens max: 46 tokens