SQLCoder-7B is a 7B parameter model that outperforms gpt-3.5-turbo for natural language to SQL generation tasks on our sql-eval framework, and significantly outperforms all popular open-source models. When fine-tuned on a given schema, it also outperforms gpt-4

SQLCoder-7B is fine-tuned on a base Mistral-7B model.

Results on novel datasets not seen in training

model	perc_correct
gpt4-2023-10-04	82.0
defog-sqlcoder2	74.5
gpt4-2023-08-28	74.0
defog-sqlcoder-7b	71.0
gpt-3.5-2023-10-04	66.0
claude-2	64.5
gpt-3.5-2023-08-28	61.0
claude_instant_1	61.0
text-davinci-003	52.5

License

The code in this repo (what little there is of it) is Apache-2 licensed. The model weights have a CC BY-SA 4.0 license. The TL;DR is that you can use and modify the model for any purpose – including commercial use. However, if you modify the weights (for example, by fine-tuning), you must open-source your modified weights under the same license terms.

Training

SQLCoder was trained on more than 20,000 human-curated questions. These questions were based on 10 different schemas. None of the schemas in the training data were included in our evaluation framework.

You can read more about our training approach and evaluation framework.

Results by question category

We classified each generated question into one of 5 categories. The table displays the percentage of questions answered correctly by each model, broken down by category.

query_category	gpt-4	sqlcoder2-15b	sqlcoder-7b	gpt-3.5	claude-2	claude-instant	gpt-3
date	72	76	64	68	52	48	32
group_by	91.4	80	82.9	77.1	71.4	71.4	71.4
order_by	82.9	77.1	74.3	68.6	74.3	74.3	68.6
ratio	80	60	54.3	37.1	57.1	45.7	25.7
join	82.9	77.1	74.3	71.4	65.7	62.9	57.1
where	80	77.1	74.3	74.3	62.9	60	54.3

Using SQLCoder

You can use SQLCoder via the transformers library by downloading our model weights from the Hugging Face repo. We have added sample code for inference on a sample database schema.

bash

python inference.py -q "Question about the sample database goes here"

# Sample question:
# Do we get more revenue from customers in New York compared to customers in San Francisco? Give me the total revenue for each city, and the difference between the two.

You can also use a demo on our website here, or run SQLCoder in Colab here

Hardware Requirements

SQLCoder has been tested on an A100 40GB GPU with bfloat16 weights. You can also load an 8-bit and 4-bit quantized version of the model on consumer GPUs with 20GB or more of memory – like RTX 4090, RTX 3090, and Apple M2 Pro, M2 Max, or M2 Ultra Chips with 20GB or more of memory.

Todo

Open-source the v1 model weights
Train the model on more data, with higher data variance
Tune the model further with Reward Modelling and RLHF
Pretrain a model from scratch that specializes in SQL analysis