INTELLECT-1 is the first collaboratively trained 10 billion parameter language model trained from scratch on 1 trillion tokens of English text and code.

INTELLECT-1 was trained on up to 14 concurrent nodes distributed across 3 continents, with contributions from 30 independent community contributors providing compute. The training code utilizes the prime framework, a scalable distributed training framework designed for fault-tolerant, dynamically scaling, high-perfomance training on unreliable, globally distributed workers. The key abstraction that allows dynamic scaling is the ElasticDeviceMesh which manages dynamic global process groups for fault-tolerant communication across the internet and local process groups for communication within a node. The model was trained using the DiLoCo algorithms with 100 inner steps. The global all-reduce was done with custom int8 all-reduce kernels to reduce the communication payload required, greatly reducing the communication overhead by a factor 400x.

For more detailed technical insights, please refer to our technical paper.

Note: The model will immediately output EOS token if the BOS token is not set. This is a result of the tensor packing used during training. This can result in terrible eval scores.

Usage

python

import torch
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer

torch.set_default_device("cuda")
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("PrimeIntellect/INTELLECT-1-fp32")
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("PrimeIntellect/INTELLECT-1-fp32")

input_text = "What is the Metamorphosis of Prime Intellect about?"
input_ids = tokenizer.encode(input_text, return_tensors="pt")
output_ids = model.generate(input_ids, max_length=50, num_return_sequences=1)
output_text = tokenizer.decode(output_ids[0], skip_special_tokens=True)

print(output_text)

Example text generation pipeline

python

import torch
from transformers import pipeline
torch.set_default_device("cuda")

pipe = pipeline("text-generation", model="PrimeIntellect/INTELLECT-1")
print(pipe("What is prime intellect ?"))

Model Details

Model Contributors: samsja, Prime Intellect, Arcee AI, kotaro, skre_0, marlo, rodeo, Herb, Olas, superchillen, Hugging Face, mev_pete, 0xfr_, dj, primeprimeint1234, Marco Giglio, realtek, Hyperbolic, hecataeus, NWO, Virtual Machine, droll, SemiAnalysis, waiting_, toptickcrypto, sto, Johannes, washout_segment_0b, klee
Release Date: 29 Nov 2024
Model License: Apache 2.0

Technical Specifications

Parameter	Value
Parameter Size	10B
Number of Layers	42
Number of Attention Heads	32
Hidden Size	4096
Context Length	8192
Vocabulary Size	128256

Training Details:

Dataset: 55% fineweb-edu, 10% fineweb, 20% Stack V1, 10% dclm-baseline, 5% open-web-math
Tokens: 1 Trillion
Optimizer: Diloco/LocalSGD - Inner Optimizer: AdamW, Outer Optmizer: Nesterov SGD

Performance on benchmarks

Model	Size	Tokens	MMLU	GPQA	GSM8K	ARC-C	Hellaswag
INTELLECT-1	10B	1T	37.5	26.12	8.1	52.13	72.26
LLaMA-7B	7B	1T	35.1	23.1	9.7	50.43	78.19
LLaMA-13B	13B	1T	46.9	26.34	17.3	56.14	81.05
LLaMA2-7B	7B	2T	45.3	25.89	13.5	54.10	78.64
LLaMA2-13B	13B	2T	54.8	25.67	24.3	59.81	82.58
MPT-7B	7B	1T	26.8	25.67	8.3	46.67	77.41
Falcon-7B	7B	1.5T	26.2	23.66	4.9	47.61	78.23
Pythia-12B	12B	300B	26.5	24.33	4.09	40.61	68.83
LLM360-Amber	7B	1.3T	24.5	27.01	4.3	42.75	74.08

Citations

If you use this model in your research, please cite it as follows:

@article{}