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HiTZ/
Latxa-Qwen3.5-2B

Name: Latxa-Qwen3.5-2B
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Model Card for HiTZ/Latxa-Qwen3.5-2B

Latxa-Qwen3.5-2B is a Basque-adapted multimodal and multilingual instruct model built on top of Qwen3.5-2B, a powerful vision-language LLM capable of understanding and generating text and processing images. This model has been adapted by the HiTZ Research Center for improved performance on Basque, Galician and Catalan languages and interactive instruction following.

In addition to Basque, the model has been trained on Catalan and Galician data.

Model Details

Model Description

Latxa Vision models are a family of Vision-Language Models based on Qwen3.5. The models were adapted to different languages following Sainz et al. (2025) adaptation method.

Developed by: HiTZ Research Center & IXA Research group (University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU)
Funded by: Ikergaitu and ALIA projects (Basque and Spanish Government)
Model type: Vision-Language Instruct Model
Language(s) (NLP): Basque, Galician, Catalan, Spanish, English and more.
License: Apache 2.0
Finetuned from model: Qwen3.5-2B

Getting Started

Use the code below to get started with the model.

python

from transformers import pipeline

# Load the text and image to text pipeline
pipe = pipeline("image-text-to-text", model="HiTZ/Latxa-Qwen3.5-2B")

# Messages can be of many types
messages = [
    {
        "role": "user",
        "content": [
            {"type": "image", "image": "https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/cats.png"},
            {"type": "text", "text": "What do we see in this image?"},
        ]
    }
]
output = pipe(messages)
print(output)

[!Tip] We recommend using the following set of sampling parameters for generation

Thinking mode for text tasks: temperature=1.0, top_p=0.95, top_k=20, min_p=0.0, presence_penalty=1.5, repetition_penalty=1.0

Thinking mode for VL or precise coding (e.g. WebDev) tasks : temperature=0.6, top_p=0.95, top_k=20, min_p=0.0, presence_penalty=0.0, repetition_penalty=1.0

Non-thinking mode for text tasks: temperature=1.0, top_p=1.00, top_k=20, min_p=0.0, presence_penalty=2.0, repetition_penalty=1.0

Non-thinking mode for VL tasks: temperature=0.7, top_p=0.80, top_k=20, min_p=0.0, presence_penalty=1.5, repetition_penalty=1.0

Please note that the support for sampling parameters varies according to inference frameworks.

Uses

Latxa models are intended to be used with Basque data; for any other language the performance is not guaranteed. Regarding the multi variant, it was additionally adapted for Galician and Catalan.

Direct Use

Latxa Instruct models are trained to follow instructions or to work as chat assistants.

Out-of-Scope Use

The model is not intended for malicious activities, such as harming others or violating human rights. Any downstream application must comply with current laws and regulations. Irresponsible usage in production environments without proper risk assessment and mitigation is also discouraged.

Bias, Risks, and Limitations

In an effort to alleviate the potentially disturbing or harmful content, Latxa has been trained on carefully selected and processed data which comes mainly from local media, national/regional newspapers, encyclopedias and blogs (see Latxa Corpus v2). Still, the model is based on Qwen3-VL models and can potentially carry the same bias, risk and limitations.

Recommendations

Users (both direct and downstream) should be made aware of the risks, biases and limitations of the model. More information needed for further recommendations.

Training Details

Training Data

For training details, please, refer to our paper: Instructing Large Language Models for Low-Resource Languages: A Systematic Study for Basque

Evaluation

We evaluated the models using 5-shot settings on multiple-choice and generative tasks.

Task	Q3-VL-2B	Q3-VL-2B `eu`	Q3-VL-2B `multi`	Q3.5-2B	Q3.5-2B `multi`
Arc Challenge	36.95	51.28 (+14.33)	55.20 (+18.25)	45.05	59.72 (+14.67)
Arc Easy	43.27	65.99 (+22.72)	69.95 (+26.68)	54.76	73.61 (+18.85)
BeleBele	46.00	65.44 (+19.44)	60.67 (+14.67)	56.33	66.89 (+10.56)
BertaQA global	46.03	53.43 (+7.40)	56.81 (+10.78)	49.50	60.36 (+10.86)
BertaQA local	37.27	42.51 (+5.24)	44.46 (+7.19)	37.01	52.45 (+15.44)
BL2MP	49.11	87.94 (+38.83)	89.22 (+40.11)	60.89	90.06 (+29.17)
Eus Exams	33.81	42.44 (+8.63)	42.81 (+9.00)	36.86	43.30 (+6.44)
Eus Proficiency	25.69	36.45 (+10.76)	36.58 (+10.89)	27.80	43.39 (+15.59)
Eus Reading	25.85	47.73 (+21.45)	41.76 (+15.91)	40.91	45.17 (+4.26)
Eus Trivia	35.04	40.41 (+5.37)	42.04 (+7.00)	38.13	52.59 (+14.46)
MGSM CoT	13.10	33.20 (+20.10)	34.00 (+20.90)	21.60	38.80 (+17.20)
MMLU	34.07	43.33 (+9.26)	45.93 (+11.86)	42.22	47.40 (+5.18)
OpenBook QA	30.20	50.40 (+20.20)	54.60 (+24.40)	45.40	57.00 (+11.60)
PIQA	53.70	55.17 (+1.47)	54.08 (+0.38)	52.94	59.53 (+6.59)
SIQA	38.18	48.26 (+10.08)	50.31 (+12.13)	42.94	50.87 (+7.93)
X-StoryCloze	50.50	56.98 (+6.48)	57.05 (+6.55)	52.08	58.30 (+6.22)
AVG EU	38.77	51.31 (+12.54)	52.22 (+13.45)	44.03	56.22 (+12.19)

[!WARNING] DISCLAIMER

These model are still under development. The results are only reported for Basque tasks, the results in the rest of the languages will be released in the near future.

Citation

bibtex

@inproceedings{sainz-etal-2025-instructing,
    title = "Instructing Large Language Models for Low-Resource Languages: A Systematic Study for {B}asque",
    author = "Sainz, Oscar  and
      Perez, Naiara  and
      Etxaniz, Julen  and
      Fernandez de Landa, Joseba  and
      Aldabe, Itziar  and
      Garc{\'i}a-Ferrero, Iker  and
      Zabala, Aimar  and
      Azurmendi, Ekhi  and
      Rigau, German  and
      Agirre, Eneko  and
      Artetxe, Mikel  and
      Soroa, Aitor",
    editor = "Christodoulopoulos, Christos  and
      Chakraborty, Tanmoy  and
      Rose, Carolyn  and
      Peng, Violet",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2025 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = nov,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Suzhou, China",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2025.emnlp-main.1484/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2025.emnlp-main.1484",
    pages = "29124--29148",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-332-6",
    abstract = "Instructing language models with user intent requires large instruction datasets, which are only available for a limited set of languages. In this paper, we explore alternatives to conventional instruction adaptation pipelines in low-resource scenarios. We assume a realistic scenario for low-resource languages, where only the following are available: corpora in the target language, existing open-weight multilingual base and instructed backbone LLMs, and synthetically generated instructions sampled from the instructed backbone. We present a comprehensive set of experiments for Basque that systematically study different combinations of these components evaluated on benchmarks and human preferences from 1,680 participants. Our conclusions show that target language corpora are essential, with synthetic instructions yielding robust models, and, most importantly, that using as backbone an instruction-tuned model outperforms using a base non-instructed model. Scaling up to Llama 3.1 Instruct 70B as backbone, our model comes near frontier models of much larger sizes for Basque, without using any Basque instructions. We release code, models, instruction datasets, and human preferences to support full reproducibility in future research on low-resource language adaptation."
}

Acknowledgements

This work has been partially supported by the Basque Government (Research group funding IT1570-22 and IKER-GAITU project), the Spanish Ministry for Digital Transformation and of Civil Service, and the EU-funded NextGenerationEU Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan (ALIA project). The models were trained on the Leonardo supercomputer at CINECA under the EuroHPC Joint Undertaking, project EHPC-EXT-2024E01-042.