This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from klue/roberta-base. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 768-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

Model Details

Model Description

Model Type: Sentence Transformer
Base model: klue/roberta-base
Maximum Sequence Length: 512 tokens
Output Dimensionality: 768 dimensions
Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity

Model Sources

Documentation: Sentence Transformers Documentation
Repository: Sentence Transformers on GitHub
Hugging Face: Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face

Full Model Architecture

SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': False, 'architecture': 'RobertaModel'})
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

python

from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("sentence_transformers_model_id")
# Run inference
sentences = [
    '곳곳에 비치된 물품에서 호스트 분의 배려가 돋보였어요.',
    '여기 저기 놓여진 항목에서 숙주의 배려가 두드러졌습니다.',
    '확인도 안하고 야구장에 가지 말고 개장시간에 맞춰서 가자.',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 768]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities)
# tensor([[ 1.0000,  0.7915,  0.0100],
#         [ 0.7915,  1.0000, -0.0261],
#         [ 0.0100, -0.0261,  1.0000]])

Evaluation

Metrics

Semantic Similarity

Evaluated with EmbeddingSimilarityEvaluator

Metric	Value
pearson_cosine	0.3477
spearman_cosine	0.3556

Semantic Similarity

Evaluated with EmbeddingSimilarityEvaluator

Metric	Value
pearson_cosine	0.962
spearman_cosine	0.9205

Training Details

Training Dataset

Unnamed Dataset

Size: 9,334 training samples
Columns: sentence_0, sentence_1, and label
Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
sentence_0 sentence_1 label
type string string float
details
min: 5 tokens
mean: 20.45 tokens
max: 59 tokens
min: 6 tokens
mean: 19.75 tokens
max: 64 tokens
min: 0.0
mean: 0.44
max: 1.0

Samples:

sentence_0	sentence_1	label
`독서할때 조명을 어느정도 밝기로 켜둘까?`	`독서할때 조명 밝기를 어느정도로 해놓는게 적당해?`	`0.8`
`친구들과의 여행에서 뭐하나 빠질것없이 완벽한 집이에요.`	`친구들과 함께 여행하기에 완벽한 집입니다.`	`0.8`
`이들 사이트들은 한시적으로 5월 말까지 일반 학생들도 스마트폰으로 데이터 사용량에 대한 부담 없이 이용이 가능하도록 ‘제로레이팅(특정사이트 데이터 무과금)’으로 지원한다.`	`이들 사이트는 일시적으로 "제로 레이트"(특정 사이트 데이터의 경우 무료)를 지원하여 5월 말까지 일반 학생들이 데이터 사용에 대한 부담 없이 스마트폰을 사용할 수 있도록 합니다.`	`0.86`

Loss: CosineSimilarityLoss with these parameters:
json
1{ 2 "loss_fct": "torch.nn.modules.loss.MSELoss" 3}

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

eval_strategy: steps
per_device_train_batch_size: 16
per_device_eval_batch_size: 16
num_train_epochs: 4
multi_dataset_batch_sampler: round_robin

All Hyperparameters

Click to expand

overwrite_output_dir: False
do_predict: False
eval_strategy: steps
prediction_loss_only: True
per_device_train_batch_size: 16
per_device_eval_batch_size: 16
per_gpu_train_batch_size: None
per_gpu_eval_batch_size: None
gradient_accumulation_steps: 1
eval_accumulation_steps: None
torch_empty_cache_steps: None
learning_rate: 5e-05
weight_decay: 0.0
adam_beta1: 0.9
adam_beta2: 0.999
adam_epsilon: 1e-08
max_grad_norm: 1
num_train_epochs: 4
max_steps: -1
lr_scheduler_type: linear
lr_scheduler_kwargs: {}
warmup_ratio: 0.0
warmup_steps: 0
log_level: passive
log_level_replica: warning
log_on_each_node: True
logging_nan_inf_filter: True
save_safetensors: True
save_on_each_node: False
save_only_model: False
restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
no_cuda: False
use_cpu: False
use_mps_device: False
seed: 42
data_seed: None
jit_mode_eval: False
use_ipex: False
bf16: False
fp16: False
fp16_opt_level: O1
half_precision_backend: auto
bf16_full_eval: False
fp16_full_eval: False
tf32: None
local_rank: 0
ddp_backend: None
tpu_num_cores: None
tpu_metrics_debug: False
debug: []
dataloader_drop_last: False
dataloader_num_workers: 0
dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
past_index: -1
disable_tqdm: False
remove_unused_columns: True
label_names: None
load_best_model_at_end: False
ignore_data_skip: False
fsdp: []
fsdp_min_num_params: 0
fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: None
accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
parallelism_config: None
deepspeed: None
label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
optim: adamw_torch_fused
optim_args: None
adafactor: False
group_by_length: False
length_column_name: length
ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
dataloader_pin_memory: True
dataloader_persistent_workers: False
skip_memory_metrics: True
use_legacy_prediction_loop: False
push_to_hub: False
resume_from_checkpoint: None
hub_model_id: None
hub_strategy: every_save
hub_private_repo: None
hub_always_push: False
hub_revision: None
gradient_checkpointing: False
gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
include_inputs_for_metrics: False
include_for_metrics: []
eval_do_concat_batches: True
fp16_backend: auto
push_to_hub_model_id: None
push_to_hub_organization: None
mp_parameters:
auto_find_batch_size: False
full_determinism: False
torchdynamo: None
ray_scope: last
ddp_timeout: 1800
torch_compile: False
torch_compile_backend: None
torch_compile_mode: None
include_tokens_per_second: False
include_num_input_tokens_seen: False
neftune_noise_alpha: None
optim_target_modules: None
batch_eval_metrics: False
eval_on_start: False
use_liger_kernel: False
liger_kernel_config: None
eval_use_gather_object: False
average_tokens_across_devices: False
prompts: None
batch_sampler: batch_sampler
multi_dataset_batch_sampler: round_robin
router_mapping: {}
learning_rate_mapping: {}

Training Logs

Epoch	Step	Training Loss	spearman_cosine
-1	-1	-	0.3556
0.8562	500	0.0281	-
1.0	584	-	0.9146
1.7123	1000	0.0071	0.9188
2.0	1168	-	0.9167
2.5685	1500	0.0045	-
3.0	1752	-	0.9190
3.4247	2000	0.003	0.9198
4.0	2336	-	0.9205

Framework Versions

Python: 3.12.11
Sentence Transformers: 5.1.1
Transformers: 4.56.2
PyTorch: 2.8.0+cu126
Accelerate: 1.10.1
Datasets: 4.0.0
Tokenizers: 0.22.1

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

bibtex

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

	sentence_0	sentence_1	label
type	string	string	float
details	min: 5 tokens mean: 20.45 tokens max: 59 tokens	min: 6 tokens mean: 19.75 tokens max: 64 tokens	min: 0.0 mean: 0.44 max: 1.0

HJUNN/klue_roberta-base-klue-sts

SentenceTransformer based on klue/roberta-base

Model Details

Model Description

Model Sources

Full Model Architecture

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

Evaluation

Metrics

Semantic Similarity

Semantic Similarity

Training Details

Training Dataset

Unnamed Dataset

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

All Hyperparameters

Training Logs

Framework Versions

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

HJUNN/
klue_roberta-base-klue-sts