DT4H_CardioBERTa_grandparents_nl_translations_only is a Dutch biomedical terminology encoder for clinical concept normalization and entity linking. It is initialized from [UMCU/CardioBERTa.nl] and specialized using CUI-supervised terminology pairs and metric learning.

Backbone

The backbone belongs to the CardioBERTa family from CardioLM - a multilingual suite of small language models for the cardiology domain. CardioBERTa comprises language-specific encoder models adapted to cardiology through continued pretraining on monolingual biomedical and cardiology-related corpora using Masked Language Modeling (MLM). The family covers Czech, Dutch, English, Italian, Romanian, Spanish and Swedish.

Training


Language	Dutch (`nl`)
Triplet collection	`translations_only`
Strategy	`grandparents`
Objective	Multi-Similarity Loss
Mining	All triplets, margin 0.2
Pooling	CLS
Epochs	1
Batch size	256
Learning rate	2e-5
Max. length	25

CUI-supervised terminology pairs enriched with grandparent-level ontology relations.

Terminology statistics

Strategy	Triplets	CUIs	Unique terms	Unique positives	Terms/CUI	Δ terms
synonyms	73,383	73,383	144,382	72,882	2.00	0
parents	1,619,124	476,352	534,325	416,533	3.95	+389,943
grandparents	4,753,324	476,971	534,613	471,453	9.84	+390,231

This model uses 4,753,324 triplets, covering 476,971 CUIs and 534,613 unique normalized terms.

The training terminology is not distributed with this repository because it contains resources subject to UMLS licensing conditions. Only aggregate statistics are released.

Intended use

The model is intended for terminology embedding, biomedical candidate retrieval, concept normalization and entity linking, particularly in cardiology and clinical NLP pipelines. It is not intended for direct clinical decision-making.

Usage

python

import torch
import torch.nn.functional as F
from transformers import AutoModel, AutoTokenizer

model_id = "DT4H/DT4H_CardioBERTa_grandparents_nl_translations_only"

tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_id)
model = AutoModel.from_pretrained(model_id)

inputs = tokenizer(
    "clinical concept",
    return_tensors="pt",
    truncation=True,
    max_length=25,
)

with torch.no_grad():
    output = model(**inputs)

embedding = F.normalize(
    output.last_hidden_state[:, 0, :],
    p=2,
    dim=1,
)

Reference

Danu et al. CardioLM - a multilingual suite of small language models for the cardiology domain.

Developed within the DataTools4Heart (DT4H) project, Grant Agreement 101057849.

DT4H/CardioBERTa.nl_GP_translations_only

DT4H_CardioBERTa_grandparents_nl_translations_only