This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from Snowflake/snowflake-arctic-embed-m-v2.0. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 768-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

Model Details

Model Description

Model Type: Sentence Transformer
Base model: Snowflake/snowflake-arctic-embed-m-v2.0
Maximum Sequence Length: 8192 tokens
Output Dimensionality: 768 dimensions
Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity

Model Sources

Documentation: Sentence Transformers Documentation
Repository: Sentence Transformers on GitHub
Hugging Face: Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face

Full Model Architecture

SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 8192, 'do_lower_case': False, 'architecture': 'GteModel'})
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': True, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
  (2): Normalize()
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

python

from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("BjarneNPO-26_08_2025_20_09_08")
# Run inference
queries = [
    "Userin hinterlegt Email-Adresse im Benutzerkonto und speichert. Aber die Adresse wird trotz Best\u00e4tigung nicht gespeichert. \r\nEMA ist notwendig f\u00fcr 2FA\r\n\r\n Roesler =  jil.roesler@cse.ruhr",
]
documents = [
    'N',
    'Unter dem Namen der Dame gibt es nur einen Login. Vielleicht schaut sie mit dem Login einer anderen Kollegin auf die zweite Einrichtung? Oder sie hat einen Login als Träger? Dies klärt sie mit der Einrichtung ab.',
    'Userin hat die Rolle "Mitarbeiter".',
]
query_embeddings = model.encode_query(queries)
document_embeddings = model.encode_document(documents)
print(query_embeddings.shape, document_embeddings.shape)
# [1, 768] [3, 768]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(query_embeddings, document_embeddings)
print(similarities)
# tensor([[0.2534, 0.2045, 0.0855]])

Evaluation

Metrics

Information Retrieval

Dataset: Snowflake/snowflake-arctic-embed-m-v2.0
Evaluated with scripts.InformationRetrievalEvaluatorCustom.InformationRetrievalEvaluatorCustom

Metric	Value
cosine_accuracy@1	0.1739
cosine_accuracy@3	0.3043
cosine_accuracy@5	0.4348
cosine_accuracy@10	0.4783
cosine_precision@1	0.1739
cosine_precision@3	0.1304
cosine_precision@5	0.1043
cosine_precision@10	0.0565
cosine_recall@1	0.0184
cosine_recall@3	0.042
cosine_recall@5	0.0565
cosine_recall@10	0.0609
cosine_ndcg@10	0.0816
cosine_mrr@10	0.2591
cosine_map@100	0.044

Training Details

Training Dataset

Unnamed Dataset

Size: 86,218 training samples
Columns: query and answer
Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
query answer
type string string
details
min: 5 tokens
mean: 80.67 tokens
max: 5231 tokens
min: 3 tokens
mean: 25.16 tokens
max: 238 tokens

Samples:

query	answer
`Nun ist die Monatsmeldung erfolgt, aber rote Ausrufezeichen tauchen auf.`	`Userin an das JA verwiesen, diese müssten ihr die Schloss-Monate zur Überarbeitung im Kibiz.web zurückgeben. Userin dazu empfohlen, die Kinder die nicht in kitaplus sind, aber in Kibiz.web - im KiBiz.web zu entfernen, wenn diese nicht vorhanden sind.`
`Die Feiertage in den Stammdaten stimmen nicht.`	`Es besteht bereits ein Ticket dafür.`
`Abrechnung kann nicht final freigegeben werden, es wird aber keiner Fehlermeldung angeziegt`	`im Hintergrund ist eine Fehlermeldung zu sehen. An Entwickler weitergeleitet.`
Korrektur vorgenommen.

Loss: MultipleNegativesRankingLoss with these parameters:
json
1{ 2 "scale": 20.0, 3 "similarity_fct": "cos_sim", 4 "gather_across_devices": false 5}

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

eval_strategy: epoch
per_device_train_batch_size: 64
per_device_eval_batch_size: 64
gradient_accumulation_steps: 16
learning_rate: 2e-05
num_train_epochs: 6
lr_scheduler_type: cosine
warmup_ratio: 0.1
bf16: True
tf32: True
load_best_model_at_end: True
batch_sampler: no_duplicates

All Hyperparameters

Click to expand

overwrite_output_dir: False
do_predict: False
eval_strategy: epoch
prediction_loss_only: True
per_device_train_batch_size: 64
per_device_eval_batch_size: 64
per_gpu_train_batch_size: None
per_gpu_eval_batch_size: None
gradient_accumulation_steps: 16
eval_accumulation_steps: None
torch_empty_cache_steps: None
learning_rate: 2e-05
weight_decay: 0.0
adam_beta1: 0.9
adam_beta2: 0.999
adam_epsilon: 1e-08
max_grad_norm: 1.0
num_train_epochs: 6
max_steps: -1
lr_scheduler_type: cosine
lr_scheduler_kwargs: {}
warmup_ratio: 0.1
warmup_steps: 0
log_level: passive
log_level_replica: warning
log_on_each_node: True
logging_nan_inf_filter: True
save_safetensors: True
save_on_each_node: False
save_only_model: False
restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
no_cuda: False
use_cpu: False
use_mps_device: False
seed: 42
data_seed: None
jit_mode_eval: False
use_ipex: False
bf16: True
fp16: False
fp16_opt_level: O1
half_precision_backend: auto
bf16_full_eval: False
fp16_full_eval: False
tf32: True
local_rank: 0
ddp_backend: None
tpu_num_cores: None
tpu_metrics_debug: False
debug: []
dataloader_drop_last: False
dataloader_num_workers: 0
dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
past_index: -1
disable_tqdm: False
remove_unused_columns: True
label_names: None
load_best_model_at_end: True
ignore_data_skip: False
fsdp: []
fsdp_min_num_params: 0
fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: None
accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
deepspeed: None
label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
optim: adamw_torch_fused
optim_args: None
adafactor: False
group_by_length: False
length_column_name: length
ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
dataloader_pin_memory: True
dataloader_persistent_workers: False
skip_memory_metrics: True
use_legacy_prediction_loop: False
push_to_hub: False
resume_from_checkpoint: None
hub_model_id: None
hub_strategy: every_save
hub_private_repo: None
hub_always_push: False
hub_revision: None
gradient_checkpointing: False
gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
include_inputs_for_metrics: False
include_for_metrics: []
eval_do_concat_batches: True
fp16_backend: auto
push_to_hub_model_id: None
push_to_hub_organization: None
mp_parameters:
auto_find_batch_size: False
full_determinism: False
torchdynamo: None
ray_scope: last
ddp_timeout: 1800
torch_compile: False
torch_compile_backend: None
torch_compile_mode: None
include_tokens_per_second: False
include_num_input_tokens_seen: False
neftune_noise_alpha: None
optim_target_modules: None
batch_eval_metrics: False
eval_on_start: False
use_liger_kernel: False
liger_kernel_config: None
eval_use_gather_object: False
average_tokens_across_devices: False
prompts: None
batch_sampler: no_duplicates
multi_dataset_batch_sampler: proportional
router_mapping: {}
learning_rate_mapping: {}

Training Logs

Epoch	Step	Training Loss	Snowflake/snowflake-arctic-embed-m-v2.0_cosine_ndcg@10
0.1187	10	2.9295	-
0.2374	20	2.7426	-
0.3561	30	2.5243	-
0.4748	40	2.2566	-
0.5935	50	2.0585	-
0.7122	60	1.8776	-
0.8309	70	1.7349	-
0.9496	80	1.2366	-
1.0	85	-	0.0879
1.0593	90	0.761	-
1.1780	100	1.5082	-
1.2967	110	1.4529	-
1.4154	120	1.4423	-
1.5341	130	1.3939	-
1.6528	140	1.3543	-
1.7715	150	1.2795	-
1.8902	160	1.2709	-
2.0	170	0.2985	0.0675
2.1187	180	1.2023	-
2.2374	190	1.2113	-
2.3561	200	1.1602	-
2.4748	210	1.1586	-
2.5935	220	1.1209	-
2.7122	230	1.1144	-
2.8309	240	1.1186	-
2.9496	250	0.8362	-
3.0	255	-	0.0705
3.0593	260	0.5497	-
3.1780	270	1.0441	-
3.2967	280	1.025	-
3.4154	290	1.0315	-
3.5341	300	1.0414	-
3.6528	310	1.0282	-
3.7715	320	1.0342	-
3.8902	330	1.045	-
4.0	340	0.2286	0.0728
4.1187	350	0.9736	-
4.2374	360	0.9875	-
4.3561	370	0.9762	-
4.4748	380	1.0085	-
4.5935	390	0.9762	-
4.7122	400	0.965	-
4.8309	410	0.9891	-
4.9496	420	0.6989	-
5.0	425	-	0.0733
5.0593	430	0.4908	-
5.1780	440	0.9644	-
5.2967	450	0.9409	-
5.4154	460	0.9465	-
5.5341	470	0.943	-
5.6528	480	0.9714	-
5.7715	490	0.9607	-
5.8902	500	0.9607	-
6.0	510	0.2269	0.0816

The bold row denotes the saved checkpoint.

Framework Versions

Python: 3.10.11
Sentence Transformers: 5.1.0
Transformers: 4.55.2
PyTorch: 2.8.0+cu129
Accelerate: 1.10.0
Datasets: 3.6.0
Tokenizers: 0.21.4

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

bibtex

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

MultipleNegativesRankingLoss